i  THU'H,  M,  ;in~7T? 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


0 

U 
DALLAS,  TEXAS 


ROWE  SHORTHAND 


Beirig  an  adaptation  of  the  principles  and  rules 
of  New  Rapid  Shorthand  which  provides  a  com- 
plete course  of  study  and  training  in  the  art  of 
shorthand  writing  by  the  use  of  a  system  of  abbre- 
viated characters,  that  is  easily  learned,  as  legible 
as  print,  and  that  can  be  written  as  rapidly  as 
language  is  spoken 


PREPARED  BY 

BENN  W.  PARKER 

EDITED  BY 

HARRY  M.  ROWE,  Ph.D. 


:'Let  there  be  a  system  of  writing  discovered  that  is  as  legible  and  may 
be  learned  as  easily  as  longhand,  and  that  may  be  written  as  rapidly  as 
the  language  is  spoken,  and  the  greatest  invention  of  the  age  is  accom- 
plished" 


THE  H.  M.  ROWE  CO. 

EDUCATIONAL  PUBLISHERS 

BALTIMORE,  MD. 


COPYRIGHT  1888 
C.  E.  McKEE 

COPYRIGHT  1889 
C.  E.  McKEE 

COPYRIGHT  1900  AND  1907 
SADLER-HOWE  Co. 

COPYRIGHT  1915 
BY  THE  H.  M.  HOWE  Co. 


CONTENTS 

PAGE 

PREFACE 1 

A  STATEMENT  OF  WHAT  ROWE  SHORTHAND  Is 5 

STRUCTURAL  BASIS  OF  THE  ALPHABET 9 

LESSOX  ONE 

Preliminary  Instruction 11 

The  Short  Characters 15 

Rule  I,  Vowel ization,  or  Formation  of  Primary  Syllables 16 

Extension  of  Primary  Syllables 18 

Rule  2,  Joining  /  and  ir 19 

Word-Signs 19 

«»  Phrases 20 

£    LESSON  Two 

Medium  Characters 21 

<%  Extension  of  Primary  Syllables 22 

g  Rule  3,  Joining  the  d  and  dr 23 

Complete  Vowel  Table 23 

Rule  4,  Diphthongs 24 

Word-signs 25 

9  Phrases 26 

M  Punctuation 27 

5  Sentences 27,  28 

5   LESSON  THREE 

Long  Characters 29 

Extension  of  Primary  Syllables 29,  30 

Rule  5,  Joining  /  and  v  to  w  and  1 31 

Expedient  Characters 31 

Rule  6,  Joining  Expedient  3  and  /  to  Other  Characters 31 

Exercise  illustrating  Rule  6 32, 33 

Rule  7,  Joining  Expedient  s  and  /  Where  There  Is  an  Angle 34 

Rule  8,  Initial  Expedient  5  Combinations 34 

Exercise  Illustrating  Rule  8 35 

Word-Signs 35,  36 

Phrases 36,  37 

Sentences 38,  39 

LESSON  FOUR 

Loop  Characters 40 

Rule  9,  Joining  sta  and  sir  to  Other  Characters 40 


448443 


IV  CONTENTS 

LESSON  FOUR — Continued  PAGE 

Exercise  Illustrating  Rule  9 41 

Hooks,  B,  P,  G  and  K  Extensions 42 

Rule  10,  Joining  b  and  p  to  b,  br,  g,  gr,  t,  tr,  etc 42 

Rule  11,  Joining  b  and  p  Hook 43 

Rule  12,  Joining  g  and  k  to  b,  br,  and  r 44 

Rule  13,  Joining  g  and  k  Hook 44 

Word-Signs 45 

Phrases 46 

Sentences 47,  48 

LESSON  FIVE 

The  L  Combination  of  Consonants 49 

Rule  15,  bl  or  pi  Joined  Alphabetically 49 

Rule  16,  bl  or  pi  as  a  Hook 50 

Rule  17,  gl  or  kl  Joined  Alphabetically 51 

Rule  18,  gl  or  kl  as  a  Hook 52 

Rule  19,  fl  Turned  on  Regular  Side 52 

Complete  List  of  Word-Signs 53,  54 

Sentences 55 

A  REVIEW  WITH  QUESTIONS 56 

COMPLETE  ALPHABET 57 

LESSON  Six 

Second  Method  of  Syllable  Extension 58 

Rule  20,  Shading  to  Express  r 58 

Rule  21,  Expressing  r  after/,  jr.  p,  and  pr 59 

Exercise  Illustrating  Rule  21 60 

Phrasing  under  Rule  20 60 

Sentences 61,  62 

LESSON  SEVEN 

Rule  22,  Syllable  Extension  by  Adding  m  and  n 63 

Exercises  Illustrating  Rule  22 64,  65 

Phrasing  under  Rule  22 65 

Rule  23,  mn,  nm,  and  ment  Combinations 66 

Sentences 67 

LESSON  EIGHT 

Rule  24,  m  and  n  Extensions,  continued 68 

Rule  25,  m  and  n  after  t,  tr,  d,  and  dr 69 

Ten,  tent,  den  and  dent  Syllables 70 

Prefixes — am,  an,  ani;  em,  en 70 

"         im,  imml,  in,  inti 71 

"         urn,  un,  uni 72 


CONTENTS  V 

LESSON  EIGHT— Continued  PAGE 

Rule  26 — mn  after  m 73 

Phrases 73 

Sentences 74,  75 

LESSON  NINE 

Rule  27— Syllable  Extension  to  Add  t  or  d 76 

Phrasing  under  Rule  27 77 

Rule  28— ted,  ded,  det,  Syllables 77 

Phrases 78 

Sentences 79,  80 

LESSON  TEN 

Miscellaneous  Extensions  and  Combinations 81 

Rule  29— Final  ts  and  ds 81 

Phrasing  under  Rule  29 82 

Rule  30— dis  and  des  Prefixes 82,  83 

Rule  31— Final  U  and  dl 83,  84 

Rule  32— Final  ith 84 

Rule  33 — ish  after  b  and  g,  etc 85 

Rule  34 — /  after  ish,  wha,  oi  and  ou 85 

Rule  35 — Coalescent  Iw  and  dw 86 

Phrases 86 

Sentences 87,  88 

LESSON  ELEVEN 

Omission  of  Initial  Syllables 89 

Vowel  Words 90 

Numerical  Phrasing 91 

Sentences 92,  93 

LESSON  TWELVE 

Rule  36— kt  Termination 94 

Exercise  Illustrating  Rule  36 95 

Phrasing  under  Rule  36 95 

Sentences 96,  97 

WORD  STRUCTURE  AND  RULE  FOR  OUTLINING 98,  99 

LESSON  THIRTEEN 

Attached  Prefixes 100-107 

Sentences 107,  108 

LESSON  FOURTEEN 

Attached  Suffixes 109-114 

Phrases 115 

Sentences 115,  116 


VI  CONTENTS 

LESSON  FIFTEEN  PAGE 

Detached  Prefixes 117-122 

Rule  37— the  Negative  Sign 122,  123 

Sentences 123,  124 

LESSON  SIXTEEN 

Compound  Prefixes 125 

Rule  38,  Prefixes  Compounding  with  Com  and  Con 125-128 

Rule39,        "  "  "   Ac,  oc,  etc 128,129 

Other  Compounds 129 

Sentences 130,  131 

LESSON  SEVENTEEN 

Detached  Suffixes '. 132-136 

Rule  40,  the  ate  Suffix 136,  137,  138 

Sentences 139,  140 

LESSON  EIGHTEEN 

Word-Sign  Derivatives 141-142 

Pronominal  and  Adverbial  Compounds 143,  144,  145 

Writing  Exercise 146 

Key  to  Writing  Exercise 147 

LESSON  NINETEEN 

Suggestions  for  Phrasing 148 

Phrasing  Exercises 149 

"    '          "         150 

Conjunctive  and  Prepositional  Phrases 151 

"Has  not"  and  "Hasn't,"  how  Distinguished 152 

Days  and  Months 153 

Writing  Exercise 154 

Key  to  Writing  Exercise 155 

INSTRUCTIONS  FOR  LEARNING  USED  SOUNDS  OF  CONSONANTS 156 

VOCABULARY.  . .  157 


PREFACE 

Rowe  Shorthand  has  been  known  since  its  first  publication  in 
1888  as  New  Rapid  Shorthand.  The  title  was  changed  as  it  ap- 
pears in  this  book  for  the  following  reasons:  (a)  the  agreement  at 
the  time  the  title  to  the  copyright  was  purchased  by  the  present 
publisher  does  not  permit  the  use  of  the  author's  name  (Mr. 
McKee)  in  the  title,  (b)  the  word  "New"  in  the  title  is  no  longer 
appropriate  in  connection  with  a  system  that  has  been  in  constant 
use  for  considerably  more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century,  and  (c) 
it  is  obvious  that  since  rapidity  is  claimed  for  all  systems,  the 
word  "Rapid"  in  the  old  title  now  has  no  special  significance. 
For  these  reasons  it  seemed  preferable  to  identify  the  present 
text  with  the  name  of  the  house  publishing  it. 

In  his  preface  written  in  1889  the  author  says,  "No  apology 
need  be  offered  for  the  appearance  of  the  present  work.  The  his- 
tory of  the  past  proves  that  a  system  of  brief  writing  has  been  the 
demand  of  the  ages.  That  this  demand  still  exists  is  too  obvious 
to  need  assertion.  When  we  realize  what  a  small  percentage  of 
the  multitudes  who  yearly  take  up  the  study  of  shorthand  make  a 
success  of  it,  we  begin  to  see  the  need  of  improvement  in  this  line 
of  human  achievement.  This  recognized  necessity  for  a  simple, 
practical  system  of  brief  writing — one  that  can  be  learned  and  put 
into  daily  use  by  the  masses,  without  devoting  years  of  study  and 
practice  to  this  one  study  alone — is  what  inspired  the  author  in 
his  efforts  to  develop  the  present  system." 

In  his  Introduction  in  the  same  text  he  says,  "What  the  world 
is  demanding  today  is  a  system  that  can  be  easily  learned,  is  as 
legible  as  print,  and  can  be  written  rapidly.  Illegibility  has  been 
the  most  glaring  defect  of  all  systems  of  shorthand  writing.  This 
great  deficiency  together  with  others,  so  painfully  realized  by  the 
author  in  past  years,  accounts  for  the  existence  of  New  Rapid 
Shorthand." 

1 


2  PREFACE 

These  statements  show  how  clearly  the  author  understood  what 
he  wished  to  accomplish  in  inventing  a  system  of  shorthand. 

But  he  wrought  better  than  he  knew.  It  was  not  permitted  that 
he  should  see  or  perhaps  realize  the  wonderful  possibilities  of  the 
system  he  created — a  system  so  perfect  in  the  basic  elements  of 
its  construction  that  its  alphabet  and  principles  stand  today  sub- 
stantially as  he  left  them.  Copyright  difficulties,  which  in  no  way 
reflected  upon  his  originality  or  integrity  as  an  author,  caused  him 
to  abandon  this  system  for  another  which  occupied  his  attention 
thereafter. 

It  was  left  to  others  to  discover  the  latent  possibilities  of  the 
system.  These  discoveries  finally  led  to  some  distinctly  original 
applications  of  the  principles  of  the  system,  particularly  in  utiliz- 
ing their  unusual  powers  for  giving  expression  to  the  phonic  ele- 
ments of  language  structure. 

Perhaps  the  most  gifted  exponent  of  these  discoveries,  as  well 
as  of  the  entire  system  as  it  is  herein  set  forth,  is  Mr.  B.  W.  Parker, 
who  originated  most  of  the  changes  to  which  reference  has  been 
made.  His  long  experience,  beginning  as  a  student  of  Mr.  McKee 
and  continuing  for  a  period  of  something  over  .twenty-five  years  as 
a  teacher  and  writer  of  the  system,  as  well  as  his  familiarity  with 
other  shorthand  systems,  gives  him  an  authoritative  position  in 
the  shorthand  world.  Perhaps  some  of  the  pedagogic  treatment 
in  the  arrangement  of  the  text  and  particularly  the  simplicity  of 
the  language  used  in  describing  and  differentiating  between  the 
associated  sound  elements  of  consonants  may  be  properly  ac- 
credited to  the  editor,  who  is  the  writer  of  this  preface. 

Teachers  and  writers  of  shorthand  cannot  peruse  the  following 
pages  very  far  without  discovering  many  features  dealing  with 
the  structural  sounds  of  our  language  which  have  not  heretofore 
been  considered  in  connection  with  any  shorthand  system,  that 
are  bound  to  have  far  reaching  effects  in  all  future  efforts  that  are 
directed  towards  perfecting  the  art  of  shorthand  writing.  These 
features  cannot  fail  to  command  the  attention  of  thoughtful  teach- 


PREFACE  3 

ers,  particularly  those  who  have  given  some  study  to  word  struc- 
ture and  the  essential  sound  elements  necessary  in  giving  utterance 
to  human  speech. 

It  should  be  remembered  that  Rowe  Shorthand  is  no  experi- 
ment. Originally  the  work  of  a  remarkable  genius  in  shorthand 
creation,  it  has  been  refined  in  the  crucible  of  experience  at  the 
hands  of  those  who  are  masters  of  the  subject.  Since  its  first 
publication  the  system  has  been  continually  under  the  hammer  of 
a  searching  criticism  that  was  intended  to  finally  produce  the  best 
and  most  nearly  perfect  system  of  shorthand  that  could  be  in- 
vented. Its  quality  which,  we  believe,  fully  justifies  the  strong 
claims  we  make  for  it,  will  be  quickly  discovered  by  any  one  who 
will  take  the  trouble  to  investigate  it. 


ROWE  SHORTHAND 

A  STATEMENT  or  WHAT  ROWE  SHORTHAND  Is, 

WHICH  SHOULD  BE  READ  AND  STUDIED  BEFORE  PROCEEDING  WITH 

LESSON  ONE 

Rowe  shorthand  is  composed  of  an  alphabet  of  forty-three 
characters,  with  two  principles  and  forty  rules  which  direct  their 
use  in  the  art  of  shorthand  writing.  The  first  principle  is  that  of 
wwdization;  the  second  is  that  of  syllable  extension.  This  alpha- 
bet and  these  principles  and  rules  combine  with  such  perfect  har- 
mony and  accuracy  in  recording  sounds  and  their  combinations  as 
they  occur  in  their  natural  order  in  words,  phrases,  etc.,  as  to  con- 
stitute a  system  of  shorthand  that  is  scientific  in  its  construction 
and  application,  is  as  legible  as  print  and  that  can  be  written  as 
rapidly  as  the  language  can  be  spoken. 

The  system  is  so  complete  in  its  alphabetic  expression  of  ele- 
mental sounds  and  so  adequate  in  its  expression  of  combinations 
of  sounds  under  the  rules  based  upon  its  principles,  that  the  same 
words  are  always  written  with  the  same  outlines  by  all  writers  of 
the  system  with  no  exception  to  principles  and  no  variation  in 
rules. 

The  alphabet  of  Rowe  Shorthand  is  composed  of  simple  charac- 
ters that  are  easily  joined  and  capable  of  being  written  at  great 
speed,  with  a  separate  character  for  each  elemental  sound  in  the 
language.  Those  characters  that  may  be  written  and  joined  with 
the  greatest  ease  are  used  to  represent  the  most  frequently  occur- 
ring sounds  in  order  to  secure  the  greatest  speed  and  legibility  in 
writing  combinations  of  sounds  using  connected  outlines,  whether 
found  in  words,  phrases  or  sentences.  The  characters  of  the  al- 
phabet are  so  arranged  as  to  lend  themselves  readily  in  forming 
outlines  that  represent  syllables,  so  that  every  stroke  that  is  made 


6  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

is  one  of  complete  syllabic  expression,  thus  establishing  the  system 
as  purely  phonetic. 

The  complete  alphabet  is  shown  on  page  57,  but  since  its  char- 
acters are  introduced  in  their  order  in  the  various  lessons  in  con- 
nection with  the  principles  and  rules  involved  in  their  application, 
reference  to  it  at  this  time  is  unnecessary. 

The  principles  and  rules  of  Rowe  Shorthand  are  simple  and 
clear  in  statement,  direct  and  absolute  in  their  application,  free 
from  exceptions  and  always  produce  like  outlines.  Their  appli- 
cations are  amply  illustrated  in  exercises  throughout  the  text. 

Such  a  series  of  principles  and  rules  is  possible  only  when  the 
alphabet  of  the  system  is  facile,  complete  and  scientific  in  its  rep- 
resentation of  the  elemental  sounds  of  speech.  The  principles  are 
so  scientifically  developed  in  the  rules  that  the  extension  of  outlines 
following  primary  syllables,  for  additional  syllables,  words  or 
phrases,  are  always  written  according  to  principle  and  without  any 
departure  from  the  rules  laid  down.  There  is  never  any  depar- 
ture from  these  principles  and  rules.  For  this  reason  there  is  little 
use  for  arbitrary  word  signs,  of  which  there  are  less  than  one  hun- 
dred in  the  entire  system. 

Vowelization.  In  Rowe  Shorthand  vowels  are  indicated  in  two 
ways:  (1),  in  those  words  beginning  with  a  consonant,  by  writing 
the  character  representing  the  beginning  consonant  sound  on  the 
position  assigned  to  the  first  sounded  vowel  following  the  conso- 
nant, and  (2),  by  writing  vowel  characters  for  initial  vowels,  pre- 
fixes, suffixes,  and  vowel  words,  i.e.,  words  in  which  the  only 
sounded  vowel  is  the  initial  vowel. 

Since  the  value  of  any  shorthand  system  is  largely  determined 
by  the  extent  to  which  it  definitely  expresses  vowel  sounds,  some  fuller 
consideration  of  this  important  feature  seems  appropriate  at  this 
point. 

Vowelization,  or  the  representation  of  the  sounds  of  vowels  in 
words,  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  difficulties  with  which  authors 
of  shorthand  systems  have  had  to  contend. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  7 

Vowels  are  usually  indicated  by  the  "vowel  position"  method 
or  by  the  "connective  vowel"  method.  The  method  used  in 
Rowe  Shorthand  is  indicated  in  the  third  paragraph  above,  al- 
though its  position  method  is  materially  and  radically  different 
from  that  method  as  exemplified  in  other  systems. 

Rowe  Shorthand  was  the  first  known  system  to  adopt  an  efficient 
method  of  arranging  the  vowels  in  their  natural  alphabetic  order, 
i.e  ,  as  they  occur  in  the  English  alphabet.  Each  vowel  is  as- 
signed but  one  position,  and  the  principle  of  vowelization  definitely 
and  certainly  reveals  the  place  it  occupies  in  the  word.  There  is 
no  opportunity  for  confusion.  Both  in  theory  and  practice  this 
method  works  out  definitely  and  with  absolute  certainty. 

It  is  this  method  of  vowelization,  combined  with  the  scientific 
assignment  of  the  alphabetic  characters  to  represent  the  various 
sounds  used  in  speech,  that  makes  possible  the  powerful  contract- 
ing principles  through  which  such  a  remarkable  degree  of  brevity 
in  outlining  is  secured  without  sacrifice  of  legibility. 

The  position  method  of  vowelization  as  exemplified  in  Rowe 
Shorthand  is  the  only  known  method  that  does  not  compel  illogi- 
cal abbreviations  and  the  dropping  of  vowels  in  the  later  efforts 
to  develop  speed  and  efficiency  in  writing.  As  word  outlines  are 
first  learned  by  the  student,  so  are  they  retained  throughout  his 
course  of  study,  and  his  final  writing  effort  is  in  exact  harmony, 
and  in  strict  accordance  with  his  initial  effort. 

Much  prejudice  and  unjust  criticism  exists  in  the  minds  of 
some  shorthand  teachers  and  writers  with  regard  to  indicating 
vowels  by  position,  caused,  no  doubt,  by  the  complex  and  uncer- 
tain manner  of  using  this  method  in  some  of  the  best  known  sys- 
tems of  phonography,  which  assign  from  four  to  six  different  vowel 
sounds  to  the  same  position.  For  example,  a  consonant  stroke, 
written  on  what  is  called  the  "first  position"  in  these  systems, 
might  express  "broad  a,"  "long  e,"  "short  i,"  "short  o,"  "long  i," 
or  "oi,"  hence,  in  writing,  the  context  must  necessarily  determine 
which  one  of  these  five  or  six  different  vowel  sounds  is  to  be  used, 


8  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

and  further,  the  context  must  determine  the  position  the  vowel 
occupies  in  the  word,  for  in  most  instances  there  is  nothing  to 
show  whether  the  word  begins  with  a  vowel  or  a  consonant,  or 
where  the  vowel  is  to  be  located.  Another  result  of  such  indefinite 
and  uncertain  methods  of  indicating  vowels  is  that  a  half  dozen 
words  are  frequently  expressed  by  the  same  outline  on  the  same 
position. 

There  can  be  no  question  of  the  superiority  of  the  position 
method  over  the  connective  vowel  method,  for  the  reason  that 
to  express  all  vowels  by  circles  and  loops  requires  outlines  too  long 
to  be  written  with  sufficient  speed  to  meet  the  requirements  of 
practical  shorthand  writing.  This  is  proven  by  the  fact  that  all 
connective  vowel  systems  are  replete  with  later  instructions  to 
omit  vowels  and  to  make  arbitrary  contractions  that  leave  the 
student  practically  without  direction  and  resolves  such  systems 
into  little  more  than  systems  of  word  signs. 

In  Rowe  Shorthand  that  which  the  student  learns  in  the  begin- 
ning he  carries  into  practice  throughout  his  course.  Not  a  single 
word  form  is  taught  in  any  part  of  his  work  that  is  changed  later 
on  and  this  arrangement  has  been  made  possible  by  a  perfect 
method  of  vowelization. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the  high  efficiency  of  Rowe  Shorthand 
is  the  result  of  its  scientific  construction  as  exhibited — • 

(a)  In  the  assignment  of  sound  values  to  the  characters  of  its 
alphabet, 

(i)  In  its  method  of  vowelization,  and 

(c)  In  the  formulation  of  its  rules  so  that  they  conform  in 
every  particular  with  the  requirements  of  the  language  written, 
and  provide  adequately  for  every  contingency  that  would  inter- 
fere with  recording  speech  at  great  speed  and  with  perfect  accuracy 
and  entire  legibility. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

THE  STRUCTURAL  BASIS  OF  THE  ALPHABET 

The  characters  of  the  alphabet  are  formed  from  straight  and 
curved  lines,  which  are  written  in  three  main  directions;  namely, 
horizontally,  slanting  upward  and  slanting  downward,  as  illustrated 
in  the  following: 

ILLUSTRATION  1. 

^  _        r  / ^     ^~^  S 


horizontal  slanting  upward  slanting  downward 

From  the  following  illustration  it  will  be  seen  that  the  lines  in 
the  preceding  illustration  are  taken  from  an  ellipse;  that  is,  the 
curved  lines  are,  as  in  longhand,  parts  of  ellipses,  and  the  straight 
lines  conform  in  length  and  direction  to  a  single  straight  line 
cutting  the  ellipses  in  half,  vertically  and  lengthwise : 

ILLUSTRATION  2. 

In  illustration  3  on  the  next  page  it  will  be  seen  that  the  straight 
lines  have  been  divided  into  three  lengths  designated  as  short,  me- 
dium and  long  and  that  in  illustration  4  the  curved  lines  have  been 
divided  into  two  lengths  designated  as  medium  and  long,  while  in 
illustration  5  both  straight  and  curved  lines  have  been  used  in  form- 
ing small  loops  and  circles.  It  is  from  these  straight  and  curved 
lines,  loops  and  circles  that  the  alphabet  is  constructed  by  designat- 
ing each  one  of  them  to  represent  a  certain  elemental  sound  of  the 
language.  It  is  only  through  a  scientific  assignment  of  elemental 
sounds  that  like  structural  formations  of  characters  can  be  cov- 
ered by  like  principles. 


10  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

Rowe  Shorthand  is  the  only  system  that  can  lay  claim  to  a  sci- 
entific assignment  of  sound  values  to  its  alphabetic  characters  that 
results  in  easy  joinings  and  brief  legible  outlines  which  embody  all 
the  important  sounds  of  words.  Some  of  these  assignments  of 
sounds  are  indicated  in  the  third  illustration.  The  sound  assigned 
to  each  of  the  straight  and  curved  lines  in  the  first  two  illustrations 
will  be  indicated  to  the  student  as  he  proceeds  further  in  his  study 
of  the  system.  They  are  shown  in  the  alphabet  on  page  57. 

ILLUSTRATION  3  —  STRAIGHT  LINES. 
^  I  x  <  —  short 

.X  —  \     <  —  medium  • 


ILLUSTRATION  4—  CURVED  LINES. 


medium 

medium 
long 


ILLUSTRATION  5— LOOP  CHARACTERS. 

/>  (/  C  D  A 

h  g  sh  wh  ou 


LESSON  ONE— PRELIMINARY  INSTRUCTION 

SOME  IMPORTANT  INFORMATION  AND  A  BRIEF  ANALYSIS  OF  CON- 
SONANT SOUNDS  AND  THEIR  USES  IN  SHORTHAND  WRITING,  FOR 
THE  CONSIDERATION  OF  THE  STUDENT  BEGINNING  THE  STUDY 
OF  ROWE  SHORTHAND. 

1.  Shorthand  differs  from  longhand.     Writing  words  in  short- 
hand, using  the  characters  of  the  shorthand  alphabet,  is  different 
in  many  respects  from  writing  words  in  longhand,  using  the  letters 
of  the  English  alphabet.     Some  understanding  of  these  differences 
should  be  had  before  taking  up  a  study  of  the  principles  of  Rowe 
Shorthand. 

2.  Sounds  used  singly  and  sounds  used  in  groups.     In  long- 
hand each  consonant  and  vowel  sound  of  which  a  word  is  com- 
posed is  represented  by  a  letter  or  a  combination  of  letters  taken 
from  the  alphabet,  each  sound  being  expressed  singly.     From  these 
letters,  syllables  and  words  are  formed.     In  shorthand  writing 
these  sounds  are  not  expressed  singly,  but  in  groups,  forming  sylla- 
bles and  words,  which  are  expressed  in  shorthand  characters  of 
great  brevity  and  legibility — a  single  character  frequently  express- 
ing all  the  sounds  in  the  entire  word. 

3.  The  reason  for  shorthand.     In  longhand  the  writer  is  com- 
pelled to  write  every  letter  of  a  word  while  the  speaker  pronounces 
only  the  syllables  of  a  word  which  are  often  composed  of  a  number 
of  letters,  therefore,  while  the  speaker  as  a  rule  makes  but  one  ef- 
fort in  uttering  a  single  syllable,  the  longhand  writer  is  forced  to 
make  as  many  efforts  as  there  are  letters  in  the  syllable.     To  make 
this  difference  clear,  for  example,  in  uttering  the  syllable  "preach," 
the  speaker  makes  but  one  effort  for  the  entire  syllable,  while  the 
longhand  writer  is  required  to  make  six  efforts,  one  for  each  letter. 
Shorthand  was  invented  to  make  it  possible  for  the  writer  to  keep 

11 


12  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

pace  with  the  utterances  of  the  speaker.  This  can  be  accom- 
plished only  by  a  perfect  co-ordination  of  the  mental  and  man- 
ual processes,  and  the  possibilities  for  such  a  co-ordination  must 
be  provided  for  in  the  system  of  shorthand  itself. 

4.  Shorthand  is  not  a  system  of  spelling.  For  the  reason 
stated  above,  in  no  instance  does  a  shorthand  writer  spell  while 
forming  his  shorthand  outlines,  but  instead  he  uses  his  shorthand 
characters  to  express  the  unity  of  sounds  contained  in  distinct  syl- 
lables, and  expresses  the  sounds  entering  into  each  syllable  by  a 
minimum  effort  of  stroke.  This  requires  a  shorthand  alphabet  in 
which  each  elemental  unit  of  sound  is  represented  and  it  also  re- 
quires an  intimate  knowledge  of  phonics,  i.e.,  the  science  of  sound. 
\/  5.  Consonant  sounds.  In  shorthand  writing  it  is  necessary  to 
acquire  an  intimate  knowledge  of  phonics  by  a  careful  analysis  of 
each  consonant,  so  that  the  different  elements  of  sound  contained 
in  it  may  be  clearly  ascertained  and  understood.  In  consonants 
we  have  two  associated  sound  elements,  one  being  the  vowel,  or  voice 
sound  of  a  consonant,  and  the  other  being  that  portion  of  sound  that 
remains  after  taking  away  the  vowel  sound.  That  portion  of  sound 
that  remains  after  taking  away  the  vowel  sound  is  an  obstructed 
sound  that  cannot  be  given  complete  utterance  in  naming  the  con- 
sonant, without  the  use  of  the  voice  sound.  It  is  this  remaining 
portion  of  sound  in  a  given  consonant  that  is  the  true  consonant 
sound  made  use  of  in  speech  and  in  shorthand  writing,  and  that  is 
represented  by  the  alphabetic  character  to  which  it  is  assigned — 
it  is  the  used  sound  element  of  the  consonant,  the  voice  element 
being  dropped.  These  used  elemental  sounds  of  consonants, 
therefore,  are  factors  of  the  utmost  importance  in  applying  the 
principles  of  this  system  of  shorthand. 

6.  Elemental  sounds  of  consonants.  Since  it  is  of  first  impor- 
tance to  distinguish  between  the  two  associated  sound  elements  of 
consonants,  so  that  the  used  element  may  be  separated  from  the 
unused,  it  is  necessary  to  analyze  each  consonant  separately.  Let 
us  consider  the  consonant  /.  In  speaking  the  letter  /  we  begin 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  13 

with  the  voice  sound  eh  which  is  equivalent  to  the  short  sound  of 
e  (e).  This  sound  is  followed  by  the  whispered  sound  formed  by 
expelling  the  breath  between  the  upper  teeth  and  lower  lip.  This 
whispered  sound  is  the  equivalent  of  the  sound  of  fh  uttered  with- 
out any  voice  element.  It  is  that  sound  of  /  which  is  expressed 
before  the  vowel  a  in  fate. .  This  whispered  sound  is  the  used  sound 
element  of  the  consonant /in  shorthand  writing,  and  is  represented 
by  the  character  /  of  the  alphabet.  On  the  other  hand,  in  such 
letters  as  k  and  v,  the  whispered  sound  precedes  the  voice  sound. 
Lists  of  those  consonants  in  which  the  voice  sound  follows  the  used 
consonant  sound,  and  those  consonants  in  which  the  voice  sound 
precedes  the  used  consonant  sound,  are  given  in  Tf6c. 

6a.  From  this  it  will  be  seen  that  when  we  speak  of  "elemental 
sounds  of  consonants"  we  refer  (a)  to  the  unvoiced  sounds  of  con- 
sonants that  are  left  after  the  vowel  sounds  that  precede  or  follow 
them  are  eliminated,  and  (b)  that  these  unvoiced  sounds  are  the 
used  sounds  of  consonants  employed  in  speech  and  in  writing  short- 
hand, and  (c)  that  these  used  sounds,  and  not  the  voiced  sounds, 
are  the  sounds  represented  by  the  consonants  of  the  shorthand 
alphabet.  It  is  by  associating  these  used  consonant  sounds  with 
the  vowel  sounds  indicated  by  position,  that  we  obtain  "the  unity 
of  sounds  contained  in  distinct  syllables,"  as  stated  in  ^[4,  and 
from  which  are  formed  those  groups  of  "sounds  that  result  in  syl- 
lables," as  stated  in  ^[2.  Consequently,  in  ascertaining  the  used 
sounds  of  consonants,  the  student  also  acquires  material  for  the 
construction  of  syllables,  so  that  in  his  outlines  the  shorthand  char- 
acters finally  represent  syllable  formations;  i.e.,  syllables  or  words. 

6b.  To  accurately  ascertain  that  portion  of  sound  that  remains 
after  taking  away  the  vowel  sound,  the  student  should,  in  pro- 
nouncing consonants,  note  distinctly  the  unvoiced  element  of  sound 
which  is  useful  to  him,  and  disregard  the  useless  vowel  sound  that, 
separated  from  the  useful  sound,  ceases  to  be  of  value  from  a 
shorthand  standpoint.  This  will  give  him  command  of  those  ele- 
mental consonant  sounds  necessary  to  form  the  distinct  syllables 
referred  to  in  ^[4. 


14  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

6c.  It  will  be  observed  that  in  letters  like  /  and  h  the  voice  sound 
precedes  the  used  consonant  sound,  while  in  letters  like  v  and  k  the 
voice  sound  follows  the  used  consonant  sound.  Those  consonants 
in  which  the  voice  sound  follows  the  used  consonant  sound  are 
b,  c,  d,  g,j,  k,  p,  q,  t,  V  and'z.  Those  consonants  in  which  the 
voice  sound  precedes  the  used  consonant  sound  are  /,  h,  I,  m,  n, 
r,  s  and  x.  Of  these,  some  small  portion  of  the  voice  sound 
is  retained  in  expressing  the  used  consonant  sound  in  r,  I,  m,  and 
n.  X  when  used  as  an  initial  consonant  sound  always  retains  its 
voice  sound  element;  when  medial  or  final,  the  voice  element  is 
eliminated  the  same  as  in  other  used  consonant  sounds. 

6d.  Importance  of  consonants  in  word  construction.  The 
words  of  our  language  are  composed,  largely,  of  consonants — in 
fact,  the  consonants  are  the  prime  factors  of  speech.  The  chief 
function  of  the  vowels  is  to  assist  articulation  by  bridging  between 
consonant  sounds.  A  knowledge  of  the  used  sounds  of  consonants 
enables  one  to  readily  determine  the  word  represented  by  their 
correct  combinations,  even  when  no  vowel  is  present.  The  stu- 
dent should  know  the  used  sound  element  of  each  consonant,  and 
he  should  think  in  syllables  composed  of  these  sound  elements. 
A  thorough  mastery  of  the  used  sounds  of  consonants  is  of  the 
utmost  importance  to  the  learner  and  the  writer  of  shorthand. 

A  valuable  exercise  for  learning  the  used  sounds  of  consonants 
is  found  on  page  156. 


LESSON  ONE 

ASSIGNMENT  OF  USED  CONSONANT  SOUNDS  TO  THE  SHORT 
CHARACTERS 

7.  The  characters  of  the  alphabet,  as  shown  in  illustrations  3, 
4  and  5,  page  10,  are  arranged  in  four  classes,  known  as  short, 
medium,  long  and  loop  characters.     In  this  lesson  the  short  charac- 
ters will  be  considered. 

8.  Short  characters.     These  are  the  shortest  strokes  of  the  al- 
phabet.   They  are  usually  written  downward,  but  may  be  written 
upward  when  necessary  to  effect  an  easy  joining.     The  characters 
and  the  sounds  assigned  to  them  are  as  follows: 

r  ch  t  tr 


Before  practicing  these  characters,  carefully  read  paragraphs  5 
to  6d  inclusive,  pages  12,  13  and  14,  and  ascertain  the  used  conso- 
nant sound  of  each. 

(a)  The  used  sound  of  r  closely  resembles  the  sound  of  er  as 
heard  in  the  word  flower,  flow-er. 

(b}  The  used  sound  of  ch  (pronounced  cha),  is  the  sound  of  ch 
in  the  word  church,  ch-ur-ch. 

(c)  The  used  sound  of  /  is  the  sound  of  /  in  the  words,  teach, 
£-each,  and  hat,  ha-/. 

(d)  The  used  sound  of  tr  (pronounced  ter),  is  the  sound  of  tr 
in  the  word  train,  /r-ain.     The  tr  is  a  shaded  stroke. 

EXERCISE  1.  Practice  these  characters  one  at  a  time,  filling  at 
least  one  page  of  your  note-book  with  your  practice  of  each. 
Make  them  as  short  as  possible,  and  be  careful  to  fix  in  mind  the 
direction  in  which  each  character  is  made.  Pronounce  the  used 
sound  of  the  character  as  you  write  it.  Hold  your  pencil  loosely, 

15 


16  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

and  form  the  habit  of  writing  each  character  accurately,  posi- 
tively and  rapidly.  Continue  to  do  this  throughout  your 
course. 

9.  Vowelization.  A  majority  of  the  words  of  our  language  be- 
gin with  a  consonant  sound  which  is  immediately  followed  by  a 
vowel  sound.  Therefore,  in  this  system,  this  vowel  sound  is  indi- 
cated by  the  position  on  which  the  consonant  is  written.  As  there  are 
five  vowels,  a,  e,  i,  o,  and  u,  there  are  five  vowel  positions,  as  shown 
in  their  alphabetic  order  in  the  following  illustration: 


Observe  that  the  i  position  is  the  line,  while  the  positions  of  the 
other  vowels  are  the  spaces  indicated  above  and  below  the  line. 
v  10.  In  this  system  of  shorthand,  the  first  function  of  every 
alphabetic  consonant  is  to  indicate  that  a  vowel  sound  follows  im- 
mediately after  it,  forming  a  syllable.  This  function  is  first  mani- 
fested in  what  is  termed  the  primary  syllable,  the  vowel  of  which 
is  specifically  indicated  by  writing  the  alphabetic  consonant  on 
the  vowel  position,  as  illustrated  in  exercise  2.  It  follows,  there- 
fore, that  the  vowel  indicated  by  position  is  always  read  immediately 
after  the  first  alphabetically  written  consonant  in  an  outline. 

"Primary  syllable"  is  a  term  used  to  designate  the  most  impor- 
tant syllable  in  the  construction  of  a  shorthand  outline.  The  term 
is  only  applied  to  those  syllables  that  are  formed  by  writing  alpha- 
betic consonants  on  vowel  positions. 

11.  From  the  statements  in  paragraphs  9  and  10,  we  derive  the 
following  rule: 

Rule  1.  In  those  words  beginning  with  a  consonant  sound  that 
is  represented  by  a  character  of  the  alphabet,  write  the  character 
representing  the  beginning  consonant  sound  on  the  position  as- 
signed to  the  first  sounded  vowel  following  the  consonant. 

<. 


•^w  ••*>¥  TjAJ>    ' 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  17 

EXERCISE  2.  As  the  following  primary  syllables  form'the  bases 
of  all  words  beginning  with  the  consonant  sounds  assigned  to  the 
short  characters,  they  should  be  practiced  according  to  Rule  1  un- 
til they  are  thoroughly  learned.  As  you  write  an  alphabetic 
consonant  on  a  vowel  position,  pronounce  the  used  sound  of  the 
consonant  and  the  vowel  sound  as  a  complete  syllable.  Do  not 
spell.  Fill  at  least  four  pages  of  your  note-book  with  your  prac- 
tice of  these  syllables.  Do  not  use  much  space  above  and  below 
the  line  to  distinguish  between  the  vowels  that  are  indicated  by 
these  positions — keep  close  to  the  line. 


ra 


re 


cha      , 


— ro—  "~n"'"< 

X"**       '          cne  i  ; 

~"Cni~      1  "ph'A      ~~\    ~  i." 

chu      i 

y"    "  ti— y-- to      v        t;r      >" 


tra      y         tre 

-tn---/  t-ro--"V          tfiV 


ILLUSTRATION  OF  SYLLABLE  PRACTICE. 
\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 

ra 

cne          -i  —  J—  -L...J____L  — J L-__J-._L__-J____L._.J L_ 

ti          -y----/---/ — /---/ /--.-/----/---/--- -/---/---y- ---/-- 

tro         •-,----,-—,-—,—  -/---•/—--/•---/-—,—/--  --,.-—,—  -y 


18  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

12.  Extension  of  primary  syllables.  In  many  instances  the 
primary  syllable  is  a  complete  word  —  in  others  it  constitutes  only 
the  first  sound  of  a  word.  In  either  case,  the  addition  of  other 
sounds  to  the  primary  syllable  outline  results  in  other  syllables  or 
words.  This  is  known  as  the  extension  of  the  primary  syllable. 

There  are  two  methods  of  extending  primary  syllables.  Under 
the  first  method,  some  character  (either  alphabetic  or  expedient) 
is  joined  to  the  primary  syllable  outline.  The  second  method  is 
explained  later  in 


EXERCISE  3.  Practice  exercises  3  and  4  until  you  can  write 
each  word  readily,  filling  at  least  one-fourth  page  of  your  note- 
book with  the  practice  of  each  word.  Then  cover  the  shorthand 
outlines  and  write  the  words  from  your  knowledge  of  the  princi- 
ples. Always  read  and  reread  everything  you  write.  Do  not  spell 
while  outlining,  but  pronounce  the  words  as  you  write  them,  em- 
ploying the  used  sounds  of  the  consonants  composing  the  outlines. 
Note  that  the  outline  for  the  primary  syllable,  as  practiced  in  the 
previous  exercise,  is  retained. 


rate,  rat  —---> .      tare 


write,  writ  .«-.--> ------  tire  •--<- 

wrote,  rot  --*.--* ---- ~  tore  —7- 

'  f  ? 

reach  ---- ^y--  tour 

rich  --- -vy--  teach 

roach  - — <--..-„  touch 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  19 

Rule  2.     Write  the  /  and  tr  upward  after  /,  tr,  and  ch. 
EXERCISE  4.     Practice  as  instructed  in  exercise  3. 

tight  -->--  trite  .--^-. 
trait  -  -  -  cheat  -~k-- 
treat  >- chat  -^ 


13.  Word-signs.  Any  shorthand  outline  from  which  one  or 
more  of  the  important  sounds  of  the  word  are  omitted,  orany  sym- 
bol that  is  arbitrarily  used  to  suggest  a  word,  is  a  word-sign.  So 
brief  are  the  outlines  formed  by  an  application  of  the  rules  of  this 
system  that  very  few  word-signs  are  used.  The  ones  that  are 
given,  however,  are  essential  to  rapid  writing  and  must  be  thor- 
oughly memorized. 

It  will  be  observed  that  where  two  or  more  words  are  repre- 
sented by  one  sign,  they  are  such  words  as  cannot  be  used  inter- 
changeably in  a  sentence.  The  symbol  employed  for  the  word- 
sign  is  usually  the  one  that  represents  the  prime  consonant  fac- 
tor of  the  word;  for  instance,  t  is  the  prime  consonant  factor  of  at 
and  it,  therefore,  the  t  stroke  is  used  as  a  sign  for  these  words. 
Read  paragraph  6d,  page  14. 

EXERCISE  5.  Memorize  the  following  word-signs.  Practice 
the  phrases  until  you  can  make  them  accurately  and  rapidly. 
Throughout  your  course  you  must  devote  some  time  each  day  to 
the  practice  of  word-signs  and  phrases. 


are  -------  ^  -----  owe,  owed,  owing 

on,  own,  only  ------  v-,  —  each 

the  ------  -  -----  which 

I  .....  --.  -----  such 


20  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

at  /—  it    -/- 


more 


14.  Phrasing.  Phrasing  means  the  representation  of  two  or 
,^ore  words  by  one  outline.  This  may  be  done  by  merely  joining 
the  outlines,  or  by  the  use  of  modifying  rules.  Thoroughly  memo- 
rize and  put  into  practice  such  phrases  as  are  given. 

EXERCISE  6. 


such  are 

to  it 

on  it,  on  to 

c 

L_-  _       owing  to 

rv^f^A^    J 

UWNA-A-l/                                              ^ 

LESSON  TWO 


15.  Medium  characters.  The  medium  characters  are  double 
the  length  of  the  short  characters,  as  shown  in  illustrations  3,  4  and 
5,  page  10.  The  medium  characters  and  the  sounds  assigned 
to  them  are  as  follows: 

f    fr      m      k      kr          a      i      au         d       dr     j     u      o     e 
—  -^    _    ^    ^         x-   _S    C        /      /      I     V    \  ^ 

Horizontal  Up  Downward 

These  characters  are  written  in  the  directions  indicated  in  the 


illustration.     Before  practicing  them,  determine  the 

of  each  consonant  in  this  group,  as  instructed  in  paragraphs  5  to 

6  d  inclusive.     The  fr,  kr  and  dY  are  shaded  strokes. 

Vowel  characters  are  employed  (a)  in  writing  words  that  begin 
or  end  with  a  vowel,  (b)  in  writing  vowel  words,  i.e.,  words  in 
which  the  only  sounded  vowel  is  initial,  and  (c)  to  express  pre- 
fixes and  suffixes.  These  characters  are  written  independent  of 
vowel  position.  Those  introduced  in  this  lesson  are  a,  i,  au,  u,  o 
and  e.  When  joining  them  to  other  characters  the  a,  i,  au,  and 
o  may  be  written  either  upward  or  downward,  but  the  e  and  u 
are  always  written  downward. 

EXERCISE  7.  Practice  these  characters  one  at  a  time,  filling  at 
least  one  page  of  your  note-book  with  the  practice  of  each  one. 
After  memorizing  them,  practice  writing  on  the  vowel  positions 
those  characters  representing  consonant  sounds,  thus  forming 
primary  syllables  in  accordance  with  Rule  1.  (Read  and  study 
carefully  ^[9  and  10). 


21 


22  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

16.  Extension  of  primary  syllables.  These  syllables  are  extended 
by  joining  other  consonants  to  the  characters  that  form  the  pri- 
mary syllables.  In  this  connection,  it  will  be  observed  that  the  d, 
dr,  j  arid  o  are  identical  in  form  with  t,  Ir,  ch  and  r,  the  only  dis- 
tinction being  that  of  length,  which  distinction  must  always  be 
observed. 

EXERCISE  8.  Practice  this  exercise  and  exercise  9  by  writing 
each  outline  a  sufficient  number  of  times  to  fill  at  least  one-fourth 
page  of  your  note-book.  Be  careful  to  observe  the  difference  in 
the  lengths  of  the  short  and  medium  characters  when  joining  them. 
After  completing  your  practice,  test  your  knowledge  by  covering 
the  shorthand  characters  in  the  exercise  and  writing  the  outline 
for  each  word.  Compare  your  outlines  with  those  shown  in  the 
exercise.  If  you  have  written  any  of  them  incorrectly,  study  the 
rules  that  govern  their  formation,  and  again  practice  them  until 
those  rules  are  thoroughly  fixed  in  your  mind. 

mate,  mat  crate  -^ 

might,  mit  — 7  —  catch                          ^- — 

mute  creed  .-^.-. 

matter  .~^7—  crude 


V 

much  ditch  -x_ 

dare  >- ridge  v_. 


door                                .      _-  dredge 

cat  ^ drudge 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  23 

Rule  3.     Like  the  t  and/r,  the  d  and  dr  are  written  upward  after 
/,  tr,  ch  and_/.     /  is  written  upward  after  e. 

EXERCISE  9.     Practice  as  instructed  in  exercise  8. 

tied  ----  js--  ----      trod  ---^-- 

toad  ----  -^,  -----      chide  .-^-. 

trade  ----  _^1  ----      jot 


----  -, 

v 

tread  -----  *f-  ----       edge  -----  ^> 


17.  Other  vowel  sounds.  In  the  preceding  exercises  only  the 
long  and  short  sounds  of  the  vowels  have  been  illustrated.  There 
are  other  sounds  of  the  vowels,  however,  which  must  be  learned 
and  used  in  your  practice  of  shorthand,  as  any  sound  of  a  vowel 
may  be  expressed  by  writing  a  consonant  on  the  position  of  that 
vowel. 

It  is  not  necessary  to  make  use  of  any  mark  to  distinguish  be- 
tween the  simple  vowel  sounds  of  a  given  position,  as  the  context 
will  readily  determine  which  sound  is  called  for.  However,  the 
diphthongal,  or  combined  vowel  sounds,  are  marked  as  shown  in 
the  exercise  following  Rule  4. 

The  sounds  given  to  the  different  positions  are  as  follows: 

A  position:  E  position:  I  position: 

a  as  in  came  e  as  in  meat  I  as  in  file 

a  as  in  cam  e  as  in  met  i  as  in  fill 

ah  as  in  calm  oi  as  in  foil 

au  as  in  cause 

0  position:  U  position: 

o  as  in  load  ew  as  in  new 

o  as  in  lot  u  as  in  nut 

ou  as  in  loud  06  as  in  nook 

66  as  in  noon 


24  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

Rule  4.  The  au,  oi  and  ou  sounds  of  the  a,  i  and  o  positions  are 
distinguished  from  the  other  sounds  of  these  positions  by  placing  a 
dot  near  the  body  of  the  word.  The  dot  may  be  written  at  any 
point  relative  to  the  outline  that  is  convenient  for  the  writer,  ex- 
cept immediately  before  or  after  the  outline. 

EXERCISE  10.  Commit  to  memory  the  different  sounds  of  each 
vowel,  as  given  in  ^[17.  Practice  writing  on  the  vowel  positions 
all  the  consonants  of  the  alphabet  that  have  been  given,  forming 
and  pronouncing  as  many  syllables  as  there  are  vowel  sounds,  as 
per  the  following  illustration: 

fa  fa        fah       faw,        fe        feh,          fl          flh         foi, 


foe         fo         fou,        few       fti          foo        foo 


Continue  this  practice  until  you  can  write  any  syllable  thus  formed 
without  the  slightest  hesitation.  Then  practice  the  following 
exercise  according  to  instructions  given  in  previous  exercises. 


taught  *_ joy  i 

fought  .____13i coy  J0. 

caught  _^_ tower 

wrought  „___>, cower  ^ 

toy  ._ ,  trout 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


25 


18.  Word-signs.  The  circle  and  loop,  used  for  as,  all,  etc., 
are  expedients;  that  is,  they  do  not  belong  to  the  alphabet,  but 
sounds  are  assigned  to  them  according  to  the  way  they  are  used. 
At  this  point,  they  should  be  learned  for  the  words  they  symbolize 
and  joined  to  other  characters  as  indicated  by  the  illustrations. 

EXERCISE  11.  Practice  the  following  word-signs  according  to 
instructions  given  in  Lesson  1.  You  must  thoroughly  memorize 
the  word-signs  in  order  to  use  them  to  the  best  advantage. 


a,  an,  and 

up  or  down 

half 


if 
for 

shaded 

character 
one 


order- ed 

shaded 

change-ed 
charge-ed 

shaded 

judge-ed 


church 

shaded 
Of,  Off 


T 
T 


any,  end 

e,  shortened 

ever,  every 

e,  shaded 

after 

a,  down,  shaded 

you,  your 


upon 

u,  shortened 

as 


is,  his 

us 

all 

will 

will  you 

ask-ed 


O- 


o 

0 


-—#- 


or 


shaded. 


N... 


Dear  Sir 


26 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


he  under  side  of 


19.     Phrases.    The  slight  retracing  used  on 
characters  to  express  the  is  explained  in  Lesson  1 

EXERCISE  12.  Practice  as  previously  instructed.  A  phrase 
outline  is  written  on  the  position  of  the  first  wbrd  in  the  phrare 
that  requires  a  position  for  its  identity. 


each  of 
each  of  us,  his 
each  of  which 
which  is 
such  as,  is 
such  as  are 
any  of 
one  of 
one  or 
or  to 
all  of 
all  of  his,  us 
all  is 
all  will 
all  are 

•-  --_L--_          as  you                         -  -—  &• 

i               as  you  will                 -  ^> 

0 

.L_  as  you  do                   ^  
L              as  if                           .-      a^k. 

-_r  _           to  do                         -_  _ 

0                                                        ^^ 

a  position 

a  position 

e  position 

any  one                            ~^^ 

e  position 

^(*i            on  the                        

^T*__         or  the 

0_              to  the 

0              any  of  the                 "\^ 

-.0^--.          owing  to  the 

ROWE   SHORTHAND  27 

after  the  £- and  it  -f- 

upon  the  and  if  f^... 

20.  Punctuation.    The  period  is  the  only  punctuation  mark  that 
is  used  to  any  extent  in  shorthand  writing.     The  others  should  be 
learned,  however,  as  there  may  be  times  when  their  use  would  be 
of  great  assistance.     Form  the  habit  of  using  the  period  after  each 
sentence.     Its  use  is  essential  to  accurate  transcription. 

21.  The  period  is  expressed  by    *     ;  the  comma,  by    y    ; 
the  colon,  by    xx    ;  the  semicolon,  by  j     ;  the  question  mark, 

by    ^     ;  the  parenthesis,  by  £  ^  ;  the  dash ,  by  ~~-   .     Capitali- 
zation of  single  words  is  indicated  by     „     written  underneath 

the  outline.  •  It  is  indicated  in  a  series  of  words  by  underscoring 
the  series.     Write  all  numerals  as  in  longhand. 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  13.  Practice  the  following  sentences  until  you  can 
write  them  at  the  rate  of  fifty  words  per  minute.  Hold  your  pencil 
loosely,  permitting  it  to  glide  in  an  easy,  continuous  manner  from 
one  outline  to  another.  Your  ability  to  read  shorthand  readily  is 
second  only  to  that  of  writing  it  rapidly,  hence,  you  must  always 
read  what  you  write.  The  hyphen  is  used  between  words  in  these 
sentences  merely  to  show  that  those  words  should  be  phrased. 

Will-you  teach  me  to  write  as-you-do? 

The  judge  will  charge-us  to  change-the  order. 
s  <<?--—  7  -x 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


The  cat  caught-a  rat  at-the  tower  door. 


"<?"       "^ 

Dear-Sir:  It-is-only-a  matter-of  which-one  you-will  order. 

V-  ---  -o*—          -^-      —-     —^  -----  /----X-- 


The  freight  rate  on-the  crate-of  fruit  is  too-much. 
_,:>..-  ..,._ 


Each-of-us  will-meet  you  at-the  church  after-the  trade-is-made. 

--  :-£.. 


Will-you  ride  to-the  ridge  for  me  every-day? 

2T-  -y- 

Such-a  trait-of  character  is-a  matter-of  much  joy. 


I  asked  Joe  for  half-of-his  fruit. 

d^s  s~\^^ 

-7;—  -ir%--  "^ 

.  Will-you  trade-off-the  cow,  as  I  asked  you? 

^^.  o  Q_-  ^ 

^r-  -^x-  --^ 

Owing-to-the  charge-made,  you-will  order-the  mate  to  change- 
his  crew. 


The  tread-of-the  tire  is  too-rough  on-the  edge. 

•„._ A^X-  — - <—  --0--   -r-~~  -~~— ->l  — .*. 


LESSON  THREE 

ASSIGNMENT  OF   SOUNDS    TO   THE    LONG   CHARACTERS 

22.  Long  characters.    The  long  characters  are  double  the  length 
of  the  medium  characters.     Refer  to  illustrations,  page  10,  for 
the  relative  lengths  of  long,  medium  and  short  characters.     The 
long  characters  and  the  consonant  sounds  assigned  to  them  are 
as  follows: 

v       n     sorz  h      1      w          ith  thr    p    pr      q     x       y 

Horizontal.  Up.  Downward. 

These  characters  are  written  in  the  directions  indicated.  Learn 
the  used  sound  of  each,  as  instructed  in  paragraphs  5  to  6d  inclusive, 
page  12.  The  thr  and  pr  are  shaded  strokes.  When  z  begins  a 
word  it  may  be  distinguished  from  5  by  placing  a  horizontal 
dash  above  the  outline  (see  page  175). 

EXERCISE  14.  Practice  these  characters,  one  at  a  time,  as 
directed  in  previous  lessons,  and  pronounce  the  used  sound  of  each 
consonant  as  you  write  it.  Fill  at  least  one  page  of  your  note- 
book with  the  practice  of  each  character.  Do  not  make  the  in- 
clined strokes  too  upright  and  avoid  making  any  of  them  too  long. 
Practice  writing  the  consonants  on  the  vowel  positions,  pronounc- 
ing their  used  sounds  and  the  vowel  sounds  as  syllables.  Read 
T[9,  10  and  17  and  Rules  1  and  4.  These  syllables  should  be  prac- 
ticed until  you  can  make  them  without  the  slightest  hesitation. 

23.  Extension  of  primary  syllables.    Like  the  primary  syllables 
formed  by  the  short  and  medium  characters,  the  long  character 
primaries  are  extended  by  joining  other  consonants  to  them. 


29 


30 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  15.  Every  movement  in  shorthand  writing  counts 
for  something,  therefore,  make  every  stroke  as  rapidly  as  you  can 
with  accuracy.  Study  the  movement  of  your  pencil  in  making  the 
different  joinings.  Practice  each  word  of  an  exercise  until  you 
can  write  it  easily  and  until  you  know  every  principle  involved 
in  its  structure, 
vat  .--JTI7> drive  ---/. — _._. 


void 

vouch 

save 

theft 

thrive 

paid 

pride 

preach 

prove 

proof 

excite,  exit 

exceed 

exude 


V 


ran 

chain 

round 

however 

*tell 

*till 

*child 

*rail 

*real 

*dale 

*deal 

*drill 

"trail 


*Always  use  the  alphabetic  /  to  extend  words  beginning  with  /,  tr,  d,  dr,  ch 
and  r. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  31 

Rule  5.  In  order  to  effect  a  better  joining,  slightly  retrace  the 
w  and  I  when  they  are  followed  by/  or  v. 

EXERCISE  16. 
waive  ..-rrr^l laugh  ^.^^1 

weave  .^^^1^..        live  ___^^rr^__. 

wife  ..—--^s^. love  ^^ 

24.  Expedient    characters.     An    expedient    character    is  one 
that  is  not  expressed  in  the  alphabet.     While  an  expedient  char- 
acter and  an  alphabetic  character  may  symbolize  the  same  sound, 
the  expedient  character  never  performs  the  _/trs£  function  of  the 
alphabetic  character;  i.e.,  an  expedient  consonant  is  never  written 
on  position  to  indicate  a  following  vowel.     (See  H10.) 

25.  Expedient  forms  are  used  principally  as  syllable  extending 
factors  to  represent  those  frequently  recurring  extension  sounds 
that  are  also  prominent  second-syllable  beginning  sounds.     In  this 
capacity  the  expedient  serves  a  three-fold  purpose,     (a)  It  re- 
stricts the  alphabetic  character  of  identical  sound  to  its   first 
function  (^[10),  which  permits  the  free  use  of  the  alphabetic  char- 
acter as  a  second-syllable  beginning  factor  that  definitely  indicates 
a  following  vowel.     (See  1J47,  page  98.)     (b)  By  the  use  of  ex- 
pedients we  secure  outlines  that  clearly  show  the  syllabic  unity 
of  all  the  sounds  that  are  symbolized,  thereby  naturally  indicat- 
ing the  proper  division  of  syllables;  in  other  words,  when  an  ex- 
tending sound  is  expressed  by  an  expedient  form,  this  sound 
and  the  sound  of  the  character  it  joins  are  read  together  in  one 
syllable  (see  If  12  and  47).     (c)  The  expedient  affords  a  means 
of  forming  briefer  outlines  for  monosyllable  words. 

Rule  6.  A  small  circle  is  given  the  sound  of  s,  and  a  large  loop 
the  sound  of  /,  when  they  are  turned  on  the  regular  side  of  char- 
acters. The  regular  side  is  the  inner  side  of  curved  strokes,  and 
forward,  in  the  direction  a  clock's  hands  move,  on  all  straight  lines. 


32 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  17.  Follow  the  method  of  practice  outlined  in  pre- 
vious lessons.  The  joining  of  the  circle  and  loop  to  other  char- 
ters requires  your  special  attention.  Do  not  make  the  circle  large. 
To  facilitate  legibility  and  speed,  make  the  loop  very  narrow. 


face 

lees 

phrase 

fail 

fall 

feel 

foil 

case 

cases 

craze 

call 

kill 

coil 

vase 

vases 


vice 

vessel 

evil 

veil 

says 

sale 

sell 

soil 

has 

hose 

house 

houses 

hail 

haul 

hill 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


33 


was 

rr^l___       choice                         „_    -j...— 

wise 

.  -_^2-  .        chosen                        __    _r  

well 

^           ties                            ..    ^ 

these 

~V           trace                             ____<>' 

this 

___T^            tries                             ^ 

those 

miss 

thousand 

mail                                    ~*= 

excess 
excel 

SsA  mill                              ^  
..    ""^o            missile                         .  --—g<^ 

exile 

._  ^v—  .,_           mouse 

yes 

TO 

L                days                            ^  

yell 

Q                 does                            , 

quizz 

L               dries                                    * 

quill 

^r                                                         --& 

1               knees                                 o 

raise 

-£T- 

\                   nice 

rise 

^  _               nozzle                          .__          ^f 

reason 

\,  null 

34  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

nail  ~"_r^.._.  pose 

knoll  ,„      ...  poison 

lace  ___^°__,  press 

lies  __._.^«CL..»  Prize 

loyal  .?,  possess 

lull  pale 
pays                                 .^7*>___ 


Rule  7.     When  connecting  two  characters  that  form  an  angle 
in  joining,  the  circle  or  loop  is  written  on  the  outside  of  the  angle. 
EXERCISE  18. 

lesson                          — -r^m_       misses  ._  -s^-— 

loosen noses 

26.  As  the  circle  form  of  s  is  not  an  alphabetic  consonant  and 
cannot  require  a  vowel  to  follow,  it  naturally  blends  with  another 
consonant  when  joined  to  it  initially.  In  such  cases,  both  conso- 
nants are  read  before  the  vowel.  In  other  words,  the  vowel  is  al- 
ways read  immediately  after  the  first  alphabetically  "written  consonant. 

Rule  8.  The  expedient  5  is  joined  initially  to/,  k,  kr,  m,  n,  I,  p, 
pr,  q  and  TV,  forming  the  combinations  sf,  sk,  skr,  sm,  sn,  si,  sp,  spr, 
sq  and  sw. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  35 

EXERCISE  19.  While  the  initial  joining  of  the  circle  may  offer 
some  difficulty  at  first,  remember  that  you  need  hand-training  to 
become  expert,  after  which  difficulties  disappear.  Do  not  draw  this 
circle,  but  form  it  by  giving  the  pencil  a  very  slight,  quick  turn. 


snow  .--„_.  sway 

slay  -__?rm___  sweet 

slate  -__?rr?____  squeeze 

slight  .---^f....  smile 

spade  --__7T^ skate 

spice  .__  Jts^ Scotch 

spill  -__cr^^___  skill 


Word-signs. 

EXERCISE  20.  Anything  short  of  the  absolute  mastery  of  woid- 
signs  is  a  hindrance  to  your  acquiring  speed.  Memorize  these 
word-signs.  Practice  all  word-signs  and  phrases  daily.  When  a 
hyphen  is  used  between  parts  of  words,  it  indicates  that  each  form 
of  the  word  given  is  represented  by  the  outline. 

have  _-^rr^ necessity  

satisfy-ied  -^^ necessary  

circumstance-?  -^^^ with  ,-^s. 

success,  succeed  -^^^..^^  particular  — r^r^- — 


36 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


practical-practice 

opportune-ity 

appropriate 

equal 

*had 

*heard 

*would 


Z. 
Z 


*word 

*that 

"thought 

receive- ed-ing 

deliver-ed-ing-y 

arrange-ed 

immediate-ly 


*These  words  are  written  downward  and  more  nearly  upright. 

Phrases. 

EXERCISE  21. 

.-^^tr.+      could  have 


have  a,  an 
have  had 
had  a,  an 
had  he 
with  a,  an 
with  this 
with  that 
with  which 


/?$._ 


could  not 

could  not  have 

do  not 

do  not  know 

do  not  have 

does  not 

to  do  so 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


37 


as  he 
as  has 
he  had 
he  would 
he  would  have 
he  is 
he  will 
he  will  not 
we  would 
we  would  not 
we  received 
we  will 
we  have 
we  had 
how  is 
how  will 

mat  as                           r  

—    that  you                              >^ 

x  O                                                                          ^\ 

that  you  will                      ^ 

—  ^-f   -          was  not 

was  received              r^_T 

-~/-^~^_       you  had                      .  _  ^  

—    and  we                           J^*^ 

—  -'---     —        and  he                             ft*^ 

—  r=r5^  —        and  this                          ^^x_. 

--^2——      and  that                         \ 

—  -«^---   --        at  that                                    \_ 

**r*r~  _              n  f    fVilc                                                      ^N. 

tit  OHC6 

—~*f—           it  will                       __.y  
—       j^  would                         / 

*                                                    ) 

**zS                                                        —  ^*rC-r--  

448443 


38  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  22.  Practice  each  sentence  over  and  over  until  your 
knowledge  of  every  word  and  joining  is  thorough  before  taking 
up  the  next.  After  you  have  completed  your  practice,  have  some 
one  dictate  the  sentences  to  you  until  you  can  write  them  at  the 
rate  of  fifty  words  per  minute.  In  phrase-writing,  the  words 
of  the  and  on  the  are  omitted  before  a  date  or  its  equivalent. 
Words  that  may  be  omitted  are  placed  in  brackets.  Are  you 
holding  your  pencil  loosely?  Do  you  read  everything  you  write? 

The  schoolhouse  is  on-the  hill. 


We-will   succeed   if-we-use  every-thought   that-is-necessary  to 
excel. 


^ 

\~ 

1 


X- 

How-will-the  Scotch  exile  scale  the  prison  wall? 


«^     .      ^  _^    a 

^_^ 

His    speech,    though-not    appropriate,    was-equal-to    that-of 


/ 

Caesar's.     Will-you  satisfy-us  on  that-particular? 


He-would-have  delivered-the  lace  had-he  thought  it-was-neces- 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

sary  to-do-so.     He-will-not  try  for-the  prize. 


39 


You-thought  that-he-would  receive-your  letter  today. 


He-\vill-not  satisfy  every -one  that-he-is  right. 


-->-—*-- 

E very-one  of-you  may  try  to-solve-the  puzzle. 


^W^_.__  N  _____  _—  __     .-+.- 

Dear-Sir:  Your-letter  (of  the)  8th  was-received  today.     We-will 


deliver-the  case-of  spice  you-ordered,  as-we-are  satisfied  that-you- 


will  pay  on-delivery. 


I    heard    every-word     he-said,     and    I    know    that-you-have 


V 


no    reason    to    feel    as-you-do.      A     thief    was-caught     on-the 
roof  of  onc-of  those-houses,  however,  I  do-not-know   which-one. 


LESSON  FOUR 

ASSIGNMENT   OF    SOUNDS   TO    THE   LOOP   CHARACTERS 

27.  Loop  characters.  This  is  the  third  group  of  alphabetic 
characters,  as  shown  in  illustration  5,  page  10.  The  loop  char- 
acters and  the  sounds  assigned  to  them  are  as  follows: 

b       br        g        gr        ish       shr    wha     sta      str        oi        ou 


As  instructed  in  previous  lessons,  determine  upon  the  used  sound 
represented  by  each  consonant.  When  in  doubt  read  and  study 
paragraphs  5  to  6d  inclusive.  Remember  that  each  character  is 
pronounced  as  a  single  sound.  The  characters  themselves  will 
suggest  the  directions  in  which  they  are  written.  The  br,  gr,  shr 
and  str  are  shaded  strokes. 

EXERCISE  23.  Write  the  consonants  of  this  group  on  the  dif- 
ferent vowel  positions,  as  directed  in  Rule  1,  and  in  the  instructions 
preceding  Exercise  1.  Fill  at  least  one-half  page  of  your  note- 
book with  the  practice  of  each  character. 

Rule  9.  The  sta  and  str  are  turned  on  the  regular  side  of  other 
characters,  as  directed  in  Rules  6  and  7. 

EXERCISE  24.  Follow  previous  instructions  as  to  practice.  The 
sides  of  these  open  forms  should  be  parallel  and  not  permitted  to 
spread  apart  when  turning  a  circle  or  loop  in  them.  Do  not  make 
the  sta  and  str  oblong,  but  make  them  round.  Study  to  develop  a 
movement  of  the  hand  that  will  enable  you  to  form  every  character 
with  ease  and  rapidity. 

base  —  -^  _____      bill  -  —  /d—  - 

bale  brass  —  ........ 


40 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


41 


brief 

_^3-^>.  rest                           •  -  -Q--  -  . 

brave 

trimt 

-     fast                            --        --  -" 

guess 

...  LS  cost                                    ^ 

gross 

Tni<;t 

gale 

T_  most 

grill 

(P__  __       must 

«hoes 

-  -  --      _         vast                                         ^ 

whose 

G 

staff 

0> 
^~NV                              1 

-  --     -      -.       host 

stove 

---j-  —  ^^--       last                                 -    

strike 

—  Q^/-      .       waste                           --    — 

steam 

~--^ 
past                              -           5 

strain 

stroll 

StOD 

---<&**'---       fish                                 --x-^.  
^=  —           nusVi 

42  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

cash  .^r measure 

wash  leisure 


28.  Extension  of  primary  syllables  by  adding  b,  p  and  g,  k. 
As  b  and  p  are  cognate  (kindred)  sounds,  they  are  expressed  alike 
when  used  to  extend  a  primary  syllable.  They  are  never  expressed 
alike  under  any  other  condition. 

Rule  10.  B  and  p  are  expressed  by  the  alphabetic  b  after  b,  br, 
g,  gr,  t,  tr,  d,  dr,  cha,j,  r,f,  and  v.  (Read  1f  12.) 

EXERCISE  25.  To  become  an  efficient  writer  of  shorthand,  your 
knowledge  must  be  definite.  You  must  definitely  learn,  by  mem- 
orizing Rule  10  and  by  your  practice  of  the  following  exercises, 
which  characters  require  the  alphabetic  form  of  b. 

babe  _____/T^__,      drop 

r) 

grab,  grape  ___^?__.  chap 

tap  ___'j)___  cheap                            __*9___ 

type  --/?--  C^°P 

typewriter  ->>--  J°^ 

trap  ._/•?__  wrap                               ._^jL_ 

trip  . ^__  rip 

troop  robe,  rope 

dope  rub 

drab,  drape  ..1if..  nrjer 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  43 

Rule  11.  B  and  p  are  expressed  after  the  k,  kr,  m,  n,  s,  I,  h,  p, 
pr,  q,  u,  w,  and  #  by  a  hook  on  the  upper  side.  A  hook  is  never  used 
as  a  beginning  stroke  for  b  or  p. 

EXERCISE  26.  While  practicing  the  following  exercise,  fix  in 
mind  the  characters  after  which  b  and  p  are  expressed  by  a  hook, 
as  given  in  Rule  11.  Your  knowledge  of  this  rule  and  Rule  10  must 
be  so  thorough  that  you  will  not  hesitate  to  join  to  any  character 
whichever  form  of  b  the  character  requires.  Do  not  close  up  the 
hook,  thereby  forming  a  loop.  The  widest  portion  of  the  hook 
should  be  at  its  finish. 

cab,  cap  ^ pipe 

crab,  crepe  . >5? proper 

scribe,  scrip  ^ squab 

maps  rr? squib 

snub  up  --^ 

snipe  -----o ^  web,  weep 

sap  ^rrr^-.  except 

lobe,  lope  _  help 

slab,  slap  .,.f^...  pulp 

hope  shape 

PeeP  .--~r^>X-.  shop 


44  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

29.  As  g  and  k  are  cognate  (kindred)  sounds,  they  are  also  ex- 
pressed alike  when  used  to  extend  a  primary  syllable. 

Rule  12.  When  g  and  k  follow  b,  br  and  r,  use  the  alphabetic 
g,  reading  it  for  either  g  or  k. 

EXERCISE  27. 

v 

bag,  back  ~~-H. rag,  rack 

break  .—{L/. rig  --^ 

brig,  brick  ---S&- r°ck  --y 

broke  ._,._..,—  rug 


13.     G  and  k  are  expressed  by  a  hook  on  the  under  side 
after  all  other  characters. 

EXERCISE  28.     Follow  the  instructions  for  practice  given  under 
exercises  25  and  26. 

fag,  fake  —T**-.^.^  soak  _^^_-^5_-. 

fig  ---^> nag,  knack  T~?__. 

kick  „._.< ., neck  __. 3 — 

crag,  crack  __j^? snug 

meek  ___-nx hug 

mug  _._  log,  lock 

— D 

vague  _.:^Tr^ slag,  slack 

sag,  sack  __^rrrC-L_  slug 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  45 

like  -_.v^<?---  took  .,„-,..  „_..,_. 

week  .--•^r?.-.-  track  ^_ 

wig  -.^X2--  trick  "— — £- 

thick  — r^ deck  .—  .. (!_,,„ 

pack  I_^ dog  . _      _,,__ 

pick  >-^. drag  ._, y_.,^_, 

quick  -J- drug  _„.. 

check  b milk  ^ ^ 

take,  tag silk 


Word-signs. 

EXERCISE  29.     Before  practicing  these  word-signs  and  phrases, 
study  all  previous  instructions  relative  to  word-signs. 

wish-ed-mg  G subject  . 

b 


behalf  __, 1__ request 


behave  . ^T^...       requisite  .<y.- 

(thaded) 

gave  5^ agent  .__^.k.. 


give-en  ^. _      under 

«,  shortened,  shaded 

object  .* L .      enter-ed 

e,  shortened,  shaded 


46 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


entire-ly-ity 
address 

shaded 

Phrases. 


perhaps 


Rule  14.  When  be  follows  will,  it  is  expressed  by  extending 
the  loop  for  will  into  a  hook,  regardless  of  the  direction  in  which  it 
is  turned. 


EXERCISE  30. 
will  be 

-^7    _        subject  to                  

will  you  be 

y 

subject  to  change 

he  will  be 

<P                                                      lj 
__  /^           take  it                        & 

they  will  be 

^^           to  go 

you  will  be 

£/ 
c=s>              to  go  to,  took  it 

that  will  be 

]j._           to  go  after                

it  will  be 
we  will  be 

j±  make  up                    r^... 
—  &           take  up                    ^x 

we  wish 

..  —^           to  be 

we  gave  the 

„.„—  £^_!          must  be 

we  object 

—  '/v           could  be 

subject  of 

could  not  be 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

SENTENCES 


47 


EXERCISE  31.  Be  guided  in  your  practice  of  these  sentences  by 
instructions  given  in  previous  lessons.  In  shorthand  notation  a 
d  is  written  to  the  right  of  and  above  a  numeral  to  express  days;  to 
the  right  of  and  below,  to  express  dollars. 

Will-you-be  at-the  picnic  which-we-will  give  next  week? 
We-would-know  why-you-do-not  behave  at  church. 

^    -     r-* 

Dear-Sir:  If-vve-do-not  receive-your-check  today,  we-will  draw 

on-you  at  five-days'  sight. 
/ 

"C 

The  prices  we-made-you  are  subject-to-change  any-day. 

Your-check  for  $10  00  was-received  today. 

Will-you-be  at-the  office  to  take-care  of-this  business? 
"IP'-'""" 


48  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

It-will-be-necessary  for  me  to  take-charge-of-the  business,  if-he- 


..^--..r=w-v— — 1™~  -/g — 0. 

wishes  to-go-to-the  coast. 


We-will-be-at-the  silk-sale  and  will-buy-you-a  dress  like-the  one 


*^r 


we-priced  at  Saks. 


We-must-have  your-order  by  next  week,  if-you-wish  a  quick- 
delivery.       Perhaps    you-do-not-know     that-a     peasant    wove 


this  rug  from  waste  material. 


X 


To  rest,  one  does  not-have  to-be  idle. 


,f  -^      &-  ..,  -  -         .  -  -^     ----      -—.^- 

Pack  my  grip  and  leave-it  at  -the  address  I  gave-you. 


LESSON  FIVE 

30.  The  1  combination  of  alphabetic  consonants.  While  the 
following  characters  are  similar  in  form  to  some  of  the  loop  char- 
acters, they  are  not  classed  with  them,  as  the  principles  of  modifi- 
cation applicable  to  the  loop  characters  do  not  apply  to  the  /  com- 
bination. These  characters  are  distinguished  by  their  very  minute 
sizes,  and  are  not  permitted  to  undergo  any  changes  except  in  their 
manner  of  joining.  They  are  to  be  considered  as  alphabetic,  how- 
ever, and  as  such  require  a  vowel  to  follow  them.  See  If  10. 

bl  or  pi  gl  or  kl  fl 


Pronounce  bl  as  in  ia.-ble;  pi  as  in  ma-ple;  gl  as  in  sin-^e; 
kl  as  in  vo-cal;  fl  as  in  r&f-fle.  Make  these  characters  very  small. 
Form  primary  syllables  as  directed  under  If  5,  6  and  10. 

Rule  15.  The  bl  or  pi  retains  its  alphabetic  form  before  and 
after  the  t,  tr,  d,  dr,  ch,  j,  r,  f,  v,  b,  g,  h  and  ith. 

EXERCISE  32.  The  following  exercise,  and  exercise  33  fully 
illustrate  the  joining  of  bl  or  pi  to  other  characters.  In  order  to 
use  these  factors  with  facility,  you  must  learn  which  characters 
require  their  alphabetic  forms,  and  those  on  which  they  are  turned 
as  hooks. 

blight - plate 

blot  plight 

table  A_ topple 

trouble  bleach 

blood  blotch 


— ij- 

/ 

double  chapel  b 

""A" 

49 


50  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

rabble  _._,_Yl babble 

blur  bible 

pledge  /)___  *split 

belief  ^v~^__  *splatter 

believe  />rr^  *splutter 

feeble  -^,  *troubles 


*Make  the  s  slightly  oblong  when  combining  with  bl  or  pi.  This  will  not 
conflict  with  /  and  fl,  as  these  sounds  never  combine  with  bl  or  pi. 

Rule  16.  The  bl  or  plis  turned  as  a  hook  on  the  upper  side,  both 
initially  and  finally,  of  all  other  characters,  and  on  the  inside  of  the 
p  and  k  hooks. 


EXERCISE  33. 

blame 

c~            pluck 

blemish 

..  c.^  couple 

bloom 

blaze,  place 

Mabel,  maple 

—  3             bless,  please 

black 

_c"_.          sable 

cable 

.  .    **J>            plain 

block 

.  explain 

cobble 

blind 

ROWE   SHORTHAND  51 

nibble  => pupil 

blonde  t spleen  5^____ 

noble                                _,__.  splendor  — ..gi.^— 

label  .-^~^ measurable  -^ 

liable  -^?.._.  capable  .._^__ 

Rule  17.  The  gl  or  kl  retains  its  alphabetic  form  before  and 
after  the  b,  g,  t,  tr,  d,  dr,  chj  and  r. 

EXERCISE  34.  The  instructions  for  practice  preceding  Exercise 
32  apply  with  equal  force  to  your  study  and  practice  of  this  exer- 
cise and  Exercise  35. 

beagle  /?/ clad  _<*. 

bugle  declare  & 

club  ..  decline  _..^  .• 

globe  clutch 

glut  chuckle 

y  V" 

cleat  y__  juggle 

"T" 

tackle  glare  _.^._ 


glad  ?_. clear 

glide  v regal 


52 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


Rule  18.     The  gl  or  kl  is  turned  as  a  hook  on  the  under  side,  both 
initially  and  finally,  of  all  other  characters. 


EXERCISE  35. 

cliff 

g—  ,,             sickle 

claim 

-  --  c   --          exclaim 

climb 

--_.<rzi_..          cling 

cleave 

er—  ^          clean,  glean 

glove 

„._..      knuckle 

class,  glass 

..    c  —  "          legal 

close,  gloss 

local 

Rule  19.  Fl  is  turned  on  the  regular  side  of  other  characters. 
See  rules  6  and  7. 

EXERCISE  36.  Be  careful  to  make  this  loop  about  one-half  the 
size  of  the  I  loop — small,  neat,  distinctive  outlines  are  conducive  to 
legibility  and  speed. 


flat 

flight 

fled 

flock 

flame 


:_ muffle 

/,_„ fleece 

_Q flows 

flannel 
--^?-  - 

__f!~.-         sniffle 


baffle 

flag 

flog 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

flash 

-£_-_-       flush 
shuffle 


53 


COMPLETE  LIST  OF  WORD-SIGNS 


31.     The  following   list  comprises  all  the  word-signs  of  the 
system.     They  are  alphabetically  arranged  for  ready  reference. 
EXERCISE  37. 


a,  an,  and 

address 

after 

agent 

all 

any 

appropriate 

arrange-ed 

are 

at 

behalf 

behave 


f 


x. 


character 

change-ed 

charge-ed 

church 

circumstance-s 

deliver-ed-ing-y 

Dear  Sir 

each 

end 

ever,  every 

enter-ed-ing 

entire-ly-ity 


JL 

T 


54 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


grave 

order-ed-ing                .-     / 

give-en 

^               of,  off                                -N 

half 

or 

have 

X    ' 

*•  —  v           opportune-ity 

had 

-  L.               object                          -_.L 

heard 

L                particular                        "^^ 

I 

...     .                practical-practice        _.**'    - 

it 

y_               perhaps                            •>^-V^"^ 

if 

^^              receive-ed-ing                  ^  —  >>. 

is 

request                         ...a/ 

idle 

i?*               requisite                      ._  &! 

immediate-ly 

-7              satisfy-ed 

judge-ed 

success,  succeed 

necessity 

I                                                     -^^, 

...  subject 

necessary 

L 
..                 such 

on.  own,  only 

the 

owe-ed-inpr 

V 

that                                    ' 

thought 

upon 

under 


_ 

~  —  will 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

which  —  ,--          would 

---        word 


55 


—  X.  -  -  will  you          —y—      wisn-ed-ing  -  -e-  - 


us  «...  _____  with  ---_-^l_      you,  your    ...V.  ---- 

o 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  38.     Practice  these   sentences   until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  fifty  words  per  minute. 

We-believe  that-the  clutch  on-the  Regal  car  is  the  best-one  made. 

^i£n^-,.-A-  _•_..-_-.:  ^—  ^-r-o-^-^—  -*—  -x  ------ 

H        > 
They-had  to-move-the  stone  with-a  block-and-tackle. 

He-could-not-be  satisfied  under-the  circumstances. 

The  blind-boy  climbed  to-the  top-of-the  cliff. 

c^        -x— 
Will-you  teach-the-blind  pupil  how-to-use  the  typewriter? 


Under-the  circumstances  he  declined-to  address  the  people. 


56  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

A  REVIEW  WITH  QUESTIONS 

32.  In  the  preceding  lessons  there  has  been  presented  (a)  all 
the  characters  of  the  complete  alphabet  shown  on  the  next  page; 
(6)  the  principle  and  rules  of  vowelization,  which  direct  the  use  of 
the  alphabetic  consonants  in  the  formation  of  primary  syllables,  and 
(c)  the  extension  of  primary  syllables  by  the  use  of  alphabetic  and 
expedient  forms. 

33.  Two  important  facts  in  the  outlining  of  words  have  been 
fully  established.     They  are — 

(a)  All  words  beginning  with  a  consonant  sound  which  is  imme- 
.diately  followed  'by  a  vowel  sound,  begin  their  shorthand  outlines 

with  an  alphabetic  consonant  written  on  position. 

(b)  Expedient  forms  of  consonants  are  never  written  on  position 
to  indicate  following  vowels,  hence,  cannot  begin  such  words. 

34.  How  are  the  soun  ds  of  words  expressed  in  writing  longhand  ? 
(If  1,  2.)     How  are  they  expressed  in  writing  shorthand?     (If  1,  2.) 
For  what  purpose  was  shorthand  devised?     (Tf  3.)     Is  it  permissi- 
ble to  spell  while  writing  shorthand?     (If  4.)     What  is  meant  by 
phonics?     (^f  4.)     Into  how  many  classes  are  the  characters  of  the 
alphabet  divided?     (If  7.)     Name  those  of  each  class.     (If  8,  15, 
22,  27.)     What  is  the  first  duty  of  every  alphabetic  consonant? 
(11  10.)     How  many  alphabetic  consonants  are  there?     Name  the 
h  combinations,  or  those  in  which  the  sound  of  h  combines  with 
other  sounds.     The  r  combinations. 

35.  What  is  meant  by  syllable  extension?    (f  12.)  •  How  many 
methods  are  there  of  extending  a  primary  syllable?    (If  12.)    What 
is  the  first  method?     (^f  12.)     Does  an  expedient  consonant  ever 
require  a  vowel  to  follow  it?    (If  24.)    When  does  a  circle  become  s? 
(If  25,  Rule  6.)   When  does  a  loop  become  I?   (^  25,  Rule  6.)   Which 
is  the  regular  side  of  characters?    Name  the  different  vowel  sounds. 
(If  17.)     After  which  characters  are  the  extending  sounds  of  b  and 
p  indicated  by  the  alphabetic  b?    (Rule  10.)    After  which  are  they 
represented  by  a  hook?     (Rule  11.)     On  which  side  is  the  b  and  p 
hook  turned?     (Rule  11.)     When  is  alphabetic  g  used  for  either  g 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


57 


or  k?  (Rule  12.)  On  which  side  is  the  g  and  k  hook  turned? 
(Rule  13.)  Name  the  I  combinations.  (If  30.)  Why  are  these 
characters  not  classed  as  loop  characters?  (^[  30.)  State  how 
they  are  joined  to  other  characters.  (Rules  15,  16,  17,  18.) 

THE    COMPLETE   ALPHABET 

Containing  all  the  different  characters  used  in  Rowe  Shorthand, 
and  arranged  according  to  its  simple  and  combined  consonant 
sounds. 


i  b          d 

/9  / 

I          m        n 


w 


f 


au         01         ou 

r      v      XN 


/         u 

/      V. 
sta 
O 


br 
/9 


pr 


gr 


R  Combinations 
kr         tr         dr        fr 


shr 


str      thr 
O       "N 


H  Combinations 
cha      ish      who,        ith 
i  c         D         ~~^N 


L  Combinations 
bl  or  pi      gl  or  kl  ft 


LESSON  SIX 

36.  The  second  method  of  syllable  extension  is  an  expedient 
method  that  is  applied  through  definite  rules  of  contraction.     Under 
this  method,  the  character  that  symbolizes  the  primary  syllable 
is  modified  so  that  it  indicates  in  its  outline  the  desired  extension 
sound.    What  has  been  said  in  Paragraph  25  as  to  the  three-fold 
purpose  of  expedient  forms,  is  also  true  of  expedient  methods. 

37.  The  r  extension.    The  shading  expedient  has  been  em- 
ployed in  the  alphabet  to  distinguish  the  r  combinations  of  alpha- 
betic consonants  from  other  like  forms  (see  complete  alphabet, 
Page  57).    This  shading  expedient  may  be  employed  to  further 
advantage  with  all  characters  that  will  not  conflict  with  the  r 
combinations. 

Rule  20.     Slightly  shade  a  character  to  express  a  following  r. 

EXERCISE  39.  Apply  Rule  20  to  primary  syllables  for  an  r 
extension.  A  character  may  be  shaded  at  any  point  that  is  most 
convenient.  Do  not  make  the  strokes  too  heavy — a  slight  shade  is 
sufficient. 


mar 


mere 


higher 


were 


more 
here 

herewith 
hereto 


wire 


wore 


near 


nor 


58 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


59 


chair 

cheer 

customer 

jar 

jeer 

sere 

circle 

circular 

rare 


._ — .      rear 


roar 


dearer 

nearer 

bearer 

carrier,  career 

our 

lawyer 

collier 


-a- 


EXERCISE  40.  The/,  p  and  ith  are  shaded  at  their  extreme  ends 
to  express  the  extension  sound  of  r.  This  distinguishes  them  from 
the  alphabetic  fr,  pr  and  thr. 


far 

fear 

fire 


par 

poor 

there 


38.  When  the  syllables  ar,  er,  or  follow  other  syllables,  they 
are  expressed  by  r.  In  a  majority  of  instances  the  r  character 
is  employed,  but  where  it  is  more  convenient  to  express  the  r 
by  shading,  it  may  be  done. 

Rule  21.  The  r  character  is  struck  backward  after  /,  fr,  p, 
and  pr. 


60  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  41.    Practice  carefully: 

briar  /* prior 

crier  -s^v purer 


grower  f faker 

fairer  -r ^ figure 

furor  , vicar 

freer  --H<. caller 

prayer  -^ color 


39.  The  r  is  the  prime  factor  of  are  hence  the  shading  principle 
provides  a  means  of  phrasing  are  to  preceding  words.  (See  ^6d.) 

EXERCISE  42.  Practice  the  phrases  and  sentences  in  the  fol- 
lowing lists,  as  you  have  been  instructed  in  previous  lessons. 

•we  are  ______-r^l that  are  _\ 

you  are  V now  are  

ttey  are  T_7^N. how  are 


EXERCISE  43.  There  are  a  number  of  words  that  are  written 
on  the  u  position  to  express  a  following  you  or  your.  The  following 
is  a  partial  list.  A  complete  list  is  given  in  a  later  exercise. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  61 

to  you ,  or  your  for  you,  or  your 

/  '-x 

do  you,  or  your    from  you,  or  your 

/  '~> 

if  you,  or  your   if  you  have 

have  you,  or  your if  you  will      .._ 

"  N  .       <^5> 

after  you,   or  after  you  have      ... 

your  ^  & — 

and  you,  or  your  and  you  must 

^  ^D 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  44.  Practice  these  sentences  according  to  previous 
instructions,  until  you  can  write  them  at  the  rate  of  seventy-five 
words  per  minute. 

Please  wire-us  all-particulars-of-the  sale.     Dear-Sir:  Your-favor 

-  c_>*^  "  "  t^">  -  X. -^ " 

was-received  today.     We-are-glad  to-note  that-we-are-to  receive-a 


visit  from-your  Mr.  Phillips. 

If-you-will-favor-us  with-a  bill  for-the  chairs  we  purchased  this- 
week,  we-will-be  pleased-to  mail-you  oar  check. 


62  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

After-you-have  looked-over-the  papers,  please  wire-us,  if-you- 

believe  our  claim  to-be-legal. 

^   ~^»    s^>-  --X-- 

Do-you-believe  that-these  people  will-cause  trouble  for-us,  if- 
x 

we-use  their-label  on-our  boxes? 

We-trust  that-you-are  free  to  explain-the  matter  to-the  people. 
"\  v^  _^  

Dear-Sir:  We-enclose  herewith  our  check  for  $125.00. 
The  bearer  will-give-you-  a  note  which-will  explain  why-we-wish 
to  rent  our  flat. 
You-could-hear-the  clamor  of-the  crowd  as  it  drew  near  to-his 

c— >,          --^  ° 

.*         .     .+..  ...y.. 


place-of-business. 


LESSON  SEVEN 

40.     Syllable  extension  by  adding  m  and  n. 

Rule  22.  The  long  characters,  and  the  b,  br,  g,  gr,  ish,  shr,  ivha 
and  j,  are  lengthened  to  express  the  extension  sounds  of  m  and  n. 
(112.) 

EXERCISE  45.  Do  not  make  these  characters  too  long.  About 
one-third  longer  than  their  normal  length  is  sufficient.  If  you 
have  not  formed  the  habit  of  distinguishing  the  relative  lengths  of 
characters,  you  must  practice  the  alphabet  with  this  object  in  view 
before  practicing  the  following  exercises.  Do  not  widen  such 
characters  as  the  b  when  lengthening  them. 

vain  .TTTTT lines 

vines  __,^^) loans 

seems  ..^~r^? slain 

since  __-^^s. slumber 

name  ..."77777 slang 

hence  ..^TT7?_-  wane 

hang  s^*^^  wins 

hung  swing 

hound  swung 


land  r^TT™...      them,  then 

63 


64 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


thence 

^  .          bring                             /o 

thine,  thin 

/(/ 
—  ..^            game                            Y, 

pint 

•>=^^            gone 

sprain 

^            gamble                         u_ 

sprung 

grain                             Y.       

print 

sprint 

ov.                ground 

exhume 

*s$"                                —gr- 

shame                           cz: 

eczema 

^  —  S           shown 

young 

shrink                            ___ 

promise 

T 

shingle                           g— 

prompt 

when                             rD 

open 

^  —  v,.             whom 

pinion 

>«^^            Jane                               1 

million 

^                 giant                              1 

baneful 

r                   b 

join                                 L. 

bank 

J                                  ---|^- 
.„$..,              Joint                            _  L 

ROWE    SHORTHAND  65 

*panel  ""^ss  *numeral 

*venal  --TSX  general  __&_. 

*NOTE:  Since  /  is  naturally  pronounced  as  a  syllable  after  an  extended 
primary,  the  loop  is  used  for  the  final  syllables  al,  el,  il,  ol,  ul  and  ual. 

EXERCISE  46.  The  final  syllables  lant,  lent,  nent,  gen  and  gent 
are  formed  by  lengthening  the  I,  n  andj.  It  is  not  necessary  to  add 
the  t  to  these  syllables. 

jubilant  urgent  .    S  _. 

-j^r-. 

excellent  W""''          region,  regent 


x 

I 


EXERCISE  47.  The  lengthening  rule  (rule  22)  applied  to  here, 
where,  there  and  with,  gives  the  compounds  herein,  wherein,  therein, 
and  within. 


here  _____  S^T.^  _____  there 

herein  _____  s^.  ____  therein 

where  U  with 

wherein  Z3  within 


EXERCISE  48.     Under  the  same  rule  the  auxiliaries  have,  has 
and  had  are  lengthened  to  express  been. 

have  T7!^__          has  been  ../^. 

have  been  had  _  /_ 

has  __/TT]      had  been         ' 


66  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

Rule  23.  Super-lengthen  the  long  characters  to  secure  the  com- 
binations mn,  nm,  mm  and  nn.  These  combinations  form  separate 
syllables;  that  is,  the  character  modified  forms  the  first  syllable, 
and  the  combination,  the  second  syllable. 

EXERCISE  49.  Watch  your  stroke.  Do  not  develop  the  habit 
of  making  too  much  distinction  between  a  long  character  and  its 
modifications.  The  outlines  in  the  following  exercises  are  just 
double  the  normal  length  of  the  characters. 

summon  gentlemen 

layman  . .  r^^7.-  _ . .     examine 

human,  humane    .  maximum 


woman  venom 


nominal  linen 


EXERCISE  50.     When  the  terminal  syllable  ment  follows  a  long 
character,  it  is  expressed  by  superlengthening  the  character. 

payment                           Trt-.-.      regiment 
government          lodgment 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  67 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  51.  Watch  your  stroke.  Do  not  permit  your  out- 
lines to  become  too  long  and  straggling.  Practice  these  sentences 
until  you  can  write  them  at  the  rate  of  75  words  per  minute. 

Our-need-of  finances  is  urgent,  so  we-ask-you  to-mail  us-a-check 

for-the  payment  of-your  bill. 
-^—  ^Vr     -/0---X 

Would-you  like  to-make-an  arrangement  with-us  to-look  after- 

your  claims  against  the  government? 
_«T»___£.__          ...     ______  Z__ 

Within-the  next  week  the  Regent  will-examine  your  papers. 
The  general  summoned-the  young  soldier  and  sent-him  on  urgent 

__:__jl__  __/:-_•*  —  ?^rr.-  ^..-^  __________ 

^-*  <r  ^ 

business.     Wherein  do-you  think  these  women  excel? 


We-will-be-glad  for-you  to  examine  all-the  papers,  for  therein 

you-will-note  that-the  lawyer  charged  only-a  nominal  fee  for-his 
services. 


LESSON  EIGHT 

41.     M  and  n  extensions  continued. 

Rule  24.  The  medium  characters,  /,  fr,  m,  k,  kr,  a,  e,  i  and  u, 
are  shortened  to  express  the  extension  sounds  of  m  and  n. 

EXERCISE  52.  In  applying  this  principle,  be  careful  to  reduce 
the  medium  character  to  the  length  of  a  short  character. 


fame 

famish 

fine 

finish 

*form 

*former 

*furnish 

frame 

frames 

friend 

main 

mend 

*Omit  the  shade  in  these  words. 


7- 


mankind 

meant 

minor 

count 

can 

come 

kind 

canvass 

vacant 

common 

crane 

crime 


68 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  69 

crumple  in 

aim,  am  ---'"--  answer  (an s.) 

EXERCISE  53.  The  shortened  m — mn — is  employed  for  the  ter- 
minal syllable  ment,  except  after  long  characters.  (See  Exercise  50.) 

augment  -C^r supplement  

argument  treatment        .      &—- 


Rule  25.  The  t,  tr,  d  and  dr  are  written  upward  to  secure  the 
extension  sounds  of  m  and  n.  This  rule  does  not  conflict  with  the 
striking  of  /  and  d  upward  to  effect  a  joining  with  t,  tr,  d,  dr,  cha 
and  j,  as  there  are  but  two  words  in  the  language  that  require  an 
m  or  n  after  such  combinations — tighten  and  trodden,  and  the  con- 
text will  guide  you  in  reading  these  words. 

EXERCISE  54.  As, you  naturally  make  an  upward  stroke  longer 
than  a  downward  stroke,  you  must  use  care  not  to  make  these 
characters  too  long. 

tame  ~ autumn  --s-- 

C 

time  -^ maintain  ~^- 

tense  -<P- meantime  ^". 

tint  *- deem  <S_ 

tenor  —  donor  .       

train  dinner  ^ 

trample  dent  ..____^/. 


70  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

damask 
damson 
danger 

audience  _____  ^rvr«  _____     identical  ------  Jkt.  _____ 

EXERCISE  55.  The  /  and  d  written  upward  —  tn  and  dn  —  are 

employed  for  the  terminal  syllables  ten,  tent,  den  and  dent. 

written  -----  ^  -------      president 

fatten  -----  T^.  ------      resident 


EXERCISE  56.  The  shortened  a  is  used  for  the  prefixes  am,  an, 
and  ani.  This  prefix  may  be  written  either  upward  or  downward 
to  effect  a  joining.  As  prefixes  are  written  regardless  of  vowel 
positions,  continue  to  observe  the  rule  of  vowelization  when  writing 
the  primary  syllable  following  the  prefix.  Learn  when  to  write 
this  prefix  upward  and  when  to  write  it  downward.  This  feature 
of  joining  is  amply  illustrated  in  the  following  exercise.  Learn  its 
full  syllabic  value.  Practice  joining  all  prefixes  to  every  character 
in  the  alphabet. 

anchor  animal  __f° 

*" 


ancestor  c^_Q animate  77 

angel  VI animus  


annual  £»— antique  &.. 

EXERCISE  57.  The  shortened  e  is  used  for  the  prefixes  em  and 
en.  This  prefix  is  always  written  downward.  Be  sure  that  you 
make  it  the  length  of  a  short  character. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


71 


emanate 

embarrass 

embark 

embezzle 

emblem 

encircle 

encroach 


enemy 

enhance 

enlarge 

enlist 

envelope 


, ,     enw 


empower 


EXERCISE  58.  The  shortened  *  is  used  for  the  prefixes  im,  immi, 
in,  and  inti.  This  prefix  is  written  upward  before  /,  tr,  d,  dr, 
cha,  j,  sta,  and  str.  It  may  be  written  either  upward  or  down- 
ward before  g,  gr,  gl,  and  kl,  or  when  necessary  to  preserve  the 
form  of  the  stem  outline  as  in  influx,  page  72.  Write  it  downward 
before  all  other  characters. 


immense 

immerse 

imminent 

immutable 

impair 

impalpable 

impanel 


impart 

impassable 

impeach 

impel 

impede 

imperil 

impose 


72 
impugn 

impulse 
import 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

.„  inseparable  .....<_e....    infest 


into  ........... 

~<j  ~7 

...^ intrude  

...£. intrigue  ....^ 

influx  

V^^ 

..±z inscribe  ....j^y.. 

..•±3. intent  — ^ 

J. intense  ...>*.... 

...<~^.....  indent  ...*r.... 

•...-,  indenture  ->^« invoke 

i infer  ->^ invite 


invoice 


inspire 

instance 

incase  ...^. instil 

incapable      ....^? instinct 

include 

incline 

income 

induce 

inmate 

intimate 

inquire 

insert 

inside 

insist 

EXERCISE  59.     The  shortened  u  is  used  for  um,  un  and  uni. 
umpke         ST^^^      undo  ^. unfit  u^-. 

unbelief        ^...^^        unfair  -.'^>.....       undue 


inferior 

inflame 

inform 

infuse 

inhale 

inherent 

invade 

inveigh 

inveigle 

invent 

invest 


7 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  73 

unfurl  unjust  .^ .      unto  .\ 


uniform        --v^' until  __^^:__       untrue          

universe       -_s^rr&.      unrest          _^b_  untried        ..^ 

Rule  26.  When  mn  follows  m,orm  follows  mn,  the  second  form 
is  separated  from  the  first  by  a  slight  upward  movement  of  the  pen. 

EXERCISE  60.  The  following  exercise  constitutes  almost  a  com- 
plete list  of  words  coming  under  this  rule  of  joining.  Practice 
them  until  you  are  thoroughly  familiar  with  them. 

minim  ...__m momenta 

minimum  ci momentum 

mammon  "T monument 

memento  r\  moment 


Phrases. 

EXERCISE  61.  Practice  the  following  phrases  and  sentences 
according  to  instructions  given  in  previous  lessons.  As  the 
phrases,  in  most  instances,  retain  the  original  outlines  of  the  words, 
you  may  be  inclined  to  overlook  the  importance  of  practicing  them. 
This  practice  serves  to  strengthen  the  knowledge  you  have  already 
gained,  as  well  as  to  familiarize  you  with  the  combinations  that 
should  be  formed. 

can  be          .^? can  it  be     .^fi can  the         ._Y_ 

can  be  seen.^rTTTTT'      cannot       .^r...^._       can  you         _M^ 

can  it           .^ can  not  be  .VJ'_  .._>?..      can  use 


74 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


we  can          .-=-^^..  in  a  >T_ in  such  a 

we  can  use  --^^C^o.  in  his  .J- inasmuch  as... 

we  can  be     ~^^?.  in  his  own  „_ in  answer     ... 

we  can  take-^-^"--  in  all  __K._  in  every 

we  can  not  ^^~-  ~^  in  order       ___7_ in  any 

in  the  -4 in  order  to  __j£. in  that 

in  which      Ji in  such  in  this  .x-\ 

*  "Y 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  62.  Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  seventy-five  words  per  minute.  Always  read 
what  you  write. 

Weak-men  trust  to  luck;  strong-men  believe  in  pluck. 

Inasmuch-as  the  damask  we-received  from-you  is  inferior  to-the 

-i*— O  ^-~S— 

samples  shown-us,  we-must  decline-to  pay-you-the   full  invoice 
price.     We-infer  from-your  letter  that-you  intend  to-maintain-the 


present  high  prices. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  75 

We-can-not  see  how-it-would-be  unjust  or  unfair  to  decline-to 


-7 

influence-him  in-this-matter. 


We-have-your  several  speeches,  in-each-of-which  you-make- 
reference  to-the  Income  Tax  Law  and  say-that,  in-your-opinion, 
it-will  tend-to  impede-the  present  development-of  big  business. 


In-every  instance  you-must  furnish-the  customer  with-an  invoice. 


A  universal-use-of-the  principles-of-the  Rowe  system  can-be- 


made  by-any-student. 


LESSON  NINE 

42.     Syllable  extension  to  add  t  and  d. 

Rule  27.  The  loop  characters  are  enlarged  to  express  the  ex- 
tending sounds  of  /  and  d. 

EXERCISE  63.  Do  not  make  these  characters  too  long  and  do 
not  spread  them  out  into  indefinite  forms.  Keep  the  two  sides  of 
such  characters  as  b  parallel.  Continue  to  practice  as  previously 
instructed. 

bait,  bad      .... gate  .^ short  

better  /\ great  .(/: shorten        

bite,  bid       .^9. greater        .6^ state  __Q 


but  greatness       (/...?..     states  ._>?__ 

n 

bright  _/9- got  statesman    __v7"_ 


brightness    ../j ,  good  stout  ..... 

brighten       ../Q.--        gateway       _f£7          stoutness 

/V  0—o 

separate       ..^-^I?.-      gradual       .__  out  _/\_... 

trapped       ./2 what  _^_ without  _/^ 

tripped         ../? white  ..-^ outwear 

^S) 

habit  .  ^T. whiten          .  ^r-v  . .     outline 

habitual       ..^.---      should outside         _A_^. 

C 
76 


outlast 
outbid 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

/vX°      held  _^f?_..     mild 

sold  veiled 


77 


EXERCISE  64.  The  enlarging  rule  (rule  27)  is  applied  to  as,  is 
and  us,  and  all  words  ending  with  the  circle  s,  to  phrase  a  follow- 
ing at,  it,  or  /o.  Follow  previous  instructions  regarding  the  prac- 
tice of  phrases. 


as  at,  it,  to 

O 

as  tar  as  it 

is  at,  it,  to 

as  far  as  it  may          <5~&~ 

is  at  hand 

tT- 

for  us  to 

as  to  what 

---vj-  • 

9> 

was  at,  it,  to               —  ' 

as  to  whether 

81 

has  it,  to                      x"~O 

as  to  that 

A 

°\ 

as  well  as  it,  to           o  —  o 

as  to  this 
so  as  to 
as  soon  as  it 

-*v 

which  is  at,  it,  to  .  
which  is  to  say    H«x-  
such  as  it,  to 

d 

Rule  28.  D  is  made  double  length  to  add  /  or  d,  forming  the 
syllables  ted,  ded,  and  del. 

EXERCISE  65.  Learn  the  syllables  represented  by  this  stroke. 
Do  not  make  it  too  long. 


did 
deed 


debt 
date 


doubt 
dread 


78 
indeed 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

/                   wandered 

loaded 

laundered 

noted 

determine, 

wanted 

—=-7             detriment 
—  -x              credit 

Phrases. 

. 

--7 


EXERCISE  66.     Follow  previous  instructions  regarding  the  prac- 
tice of  phrases. 


but  have 

as  great  as      r 

what  will  be      ^ 

/> 
but  not 

—  .  ' 
as  good  as  . 

should  be 

/2_ 
but  we 

O 

—7 

what  is         _  <d  

G 
should  have 

si 

but  will 

-X 

what  is  this  __^c  

should  know 

but  will  be 

what  it         _  P 

should  not 

/?: 
about  how 

> 
what  have      ~^~~* 

please  state       <^_Q 

about  as  much  as what  may  ___TT will  state 

about  this  what  will     ..^..    _  will  state  that 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


SENTENCES 


79 


EXERCISE  67.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  75  words  per  minute.     Omit  the  words  in 

brackets. 

In-this-world,  it-is-not  what-we-take-up   but  what-we-give-up 


that-makes  us  rich. 
•  —  rT55  -----  v  ----  v  ___ 


We-enclose  herewith  a  sample-of  our-goods  and-trust  that-you 


«?rT7 <T-.  .  ^-^r^T-  -  -  -, 

will  favor-us  with-an  order.     It  will-be  shipped  immediately. 


The  gentleman  about-whom  you  inquire  was  employed  by-us 


as-  a   salesman   for   more-than   ten   years.     We-found-him   to-be 


honest  and  capable,  and-wish  him  every-possible  success  in-his 


future  career. 


80  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

We-have  determined  to  close  out  our-line-of  flannels  immediate- 
ly, therefore,  we  can  quote  you  minimum  prices  on  these  goods. 


X-- 


Dear-Sir:  We-wish  you-would  determine  just-what  you-will-need 


in-the  line  of  white  goods  and  let-us-have  your-order  immediately. 


You-should-have  this  entire  lot-of-goods  laundered  and-placed- 
on  sale.    Your-favor  (of  the)  10th  inst.  is-at-hand  and-noted. 


LESSON  TEN 


43.     Miscellaneous  extensions  and  combinations. 

Rule  29.  The  small  circle  is  turned  on  the  irregular  side  of  other 
characters  to  express  the  combinations  ts  and  ds. 

EXERCISE  68.  Remember  that  the  circle  is  an  expedient  char- 
acter, and  is  given  a  value,  or  name,  according  to  its  use,  hence  this 
use  of  the  circle  and  the  values  of  sound  given  it  are  entirely  inde- 
pendent of  its  former  functions.  Learn  and  practice  it  accord- 
ingly. 


cheats  ___t creeds 

traits  ___6 jets 

fates  .__fT?__.  jots 

fits  .  _  ^...^  votes 

freights  ___*T°_  sets,  seeds 

mates  -°  sends 


V-O. 


.k. 

'V 


lights 

loads 

letters 

limits 

weights 

ports 


meets 
modes 
codes 
crates 


participate  _     '_^>  imports 

hates  /^T7°  exerts  -  . 

heights         ..^2--  excites 

^f^...  notes,  notice   .. 


lets 


81 


82 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  69.  As  /  is  used  to  express  it,  ts  is  employed  to  ex- 
press its  and  it  is.  This  is  an  important  phrase  method,  which 
enters  very  largely  into  your  work  and  will  enable  you  to  avoid 
many  pen-liftings.  Give  careful  attention  and  practice  to  the 
exercise. 


and  its,  and  it  is °^"- 

and  it  is  not  x/l--x~ 

and  it  is  for  us  to--  --^--. 

and  it  is  possible <^-- — 

and  it  is  time       /?- 

if  its,  if  it  is          <^> 

if  it  is  possible      ^s*^^r 

see  its,  see  it  is     .v — ^>__ 


how  its,  how  it  is 

how  it  is  possible 

know   its,    know 
it  is 


know  it  is  not       ---.0.- 

that  its,  that  it  is  — -\ 

that  it  is  neces-         A_ 
sary 

after  its,  after  it  is sf- 


here  its,  here  it  is 


Rule  30.  The  circle  is  turned  on  the  irregular  side  initially  for 
the  prefixes  dis  and  des. 

EXERCISE  70.  Your  knowledge  of  which  is  the  regular  and 
which  is  the  irregular  side  of  a  character  should  be  so  thorough  that 
you  will  never  hesitate  in  applying  the  rule.  Develop  this  knowl- 
edge through  the  practice  of  this,  and  all  other  exercises  illustrating 
the  joinings  of  circles  and  loops. 


distant 
distance 


distend 
destroy 


dismiss 


dismissal 


._«    ____ 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  83 

dismount      __  _____     disappoint       ..S^.      .    discern         __?s=«^- 


dispel  .-_>^__.  indispensable  __^p  disciple 

<D 

dispatch       .-™1__.  desolate  ..°-^  disguise 

despot         -o  _____  disloyal  ^y,  disgust 

% 

disappear     /S-?^.  dislodge  dismayed 


EXERCISE  71.  When  dis  precedes  a,  e,  i,  u,  k,  h,  pi,  and  kl,  it 
may  be  turned  on  the  regular  side.  It. is  optional  whether  you 
turn  dis  on  the  regular  or  irregular  side  of  these  characters.  Turn- 
ing it  on  the  regular  side  does  not  conflict  with  any  other  use  of  the 
circle  and  greatly  facilitates  your  writing. 

disaster          .69-.-..*       disuse       ~A« dishonor    _--^^_- 

disagree         -£V- —       disinherit--^  dishonest   .--^^^ 

o 

disagreeable  ^x?-_«,.  discount  -.-<G- display      --?. 

disease           .f^-.,,--  discord       --^ disclose  .-^.-^--- 

disentangle    .°s/?- discuss      displease  _-^ — <-.- 

disincline        ^^^^  discover   discipline     s 

Rule  31.  The  loop  is  turned  on  the  irregular  side  of  characters 
to  express  the  combined  sounds  of  tl  and  dl. 

EXERCISE  72.  The  instructions  for  practice  given  under  exer- 
cise 70  apply  with  equal  force  to  this  exercise.  Pronounce  the 
combinations  as  the  syllables  "tul"  and  "dul." 


84 
gentle             _  Ji  
fatal                    "^ 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 

model 

title               . 
"If" 

peddle         '^"-r^ 

vital              ^ 
needle           «=> 

fiddle               _^._ 

cattle                 "-* 

spindle     __<>^SN^ 
little        ._  _^?_. 
handle 

settle          .  ^^g?_. 
settler           v  ^ 

scuttle 

*-o 
metal,  medal      _,= 

settlement    -^  ^g, 
total 

hotel 

middle                .  .-, 

^ 

detail           / 

:--/" 

Rule  32.     When  ith  follows  a  character  to  which  it  will  not  join 
easily,  it  is  expressed  by  a  slight  retracing  on  the  under  side  of 

the  character. 

i 

EXERCISE  73.     You  have  become  familiar  with  this  form  by 
your  phrasing  of  "the."     Remember  that  the  alphabetic  form  of 
ith  is  always  used  initially. 

faith           ...^.            father             ->              weather      s< 

faithful       _._^__ 

north           ..„ 
south 

other         _>,  
otherwise  .  _x^?-  - 
path             ^>- 

myth          ^.___ 
moth          

lath                  ^ 

mother       . 

lather               -""*'' 

neither         —  T 

smother 

leather             ^f 

method       -r- 

ROWE    SHORTHAND  85 

•  Rule  33.  Slope  the  b,  br,  bl  or  pi,  g,  gr,  gl  or  kl,  in  the  opposite 
direction  to  that  of  their  normal  slant  to  add  the  sound  of  ish. 

EXERCISE  74.  The  following  list  comprises  nearly  all  the  words 
that  are  written  according  to  this  rule.  Practice  the  exercise  until 
you  are  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  application  of  the  rule. 


bush  __j  brutish         clash  — l— 

O  O 

brush        splash  .--~ English  ~--s? 

banish         _A:__  plush,  blush establish  --__- 

c> 

bashful     ________  gash  establishment  ______ 

burnish     gush  publish 

British       __fv_  gracious garish 


Rule  34.     The  ish,  wha,  oi  and  ou  are  diminished  to  add  /. 
EXERCISE  75.     In  diminishing  these  characters    be  careful  to 
preserve  their  distinct  forms. 


shall               c 

while 

shell               c 

wheel             _i 

shrill 

whole 

shallow           S^ 

wholesale 

shelter 

wholesome 

86 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


Rule  35.  Since  the  w  is  never  used  as  an  extending  factor,  it 
naturally  blends  with  the  /  and  d,  forming  the  coalescents  tw  and 
dw,  both  consonants  being  read  before  the  vowel. 

EXERCISE  76.  This  list  contains  all  the  common  words  in  which 
w  coalesces  with  /  and  d.  Practice  according  to  instructions  given 
in  previous  lessons. 

twist  __.-J}-.-  twinge  .--^-^t.  dwindle 

twitch  .-2_^1--.  twit  _-£^/__  dwarf 

twill  .C2..^---  twinkle  --^/?__  tweezers 

twine  ..-S--  dwell  ^^_  tweed 


Phrases. 

EXERCISE  77.     Practice  these  phrases  according  to  instructions 
given  in  previous  lessons. 


shall  it 
shall  do 
shall  not 
shall  have 
shall  be 


5 any  other  \  it  shall 

9 every  other  ~\  it  shall  not 

<TTT7.._  he  shall  ^?i it  shall  have 

c^77^  he  shall  not  f^^i?^  we  shall 

™_.  ne  shall  have  S^^T:  we  shall  not 

shall  be  there   §^\  they  shall  ~~T^._.  we  shall  have 

one  other          /  they  shall  not        >  you  shall 

some  other  they  shall  have      ^ — ^  you  shall  have 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

SENTENCES 


87 


EXERCISE  78.  Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  75  words  per  minute.  Omit  the  words  in 
brackets. 

Gentlemen:  Your-favor  (of   the)    26th    ult.  has-been-received. 


_Vo. . 
We  dislike  to  disappoint  you,  but-we-do-not  see  how-it-is-possible 

for-us-to-make  settlement  as-you-request. 
X-- 

Sometime-ago  we-placed-an  order  with-your  Mr.  Smith  for  ten 


gross-of  special  twine  and  three  twist  drills.     He  promised  to-make 


prompt  shipment,  and-it-is-time-the  goods-were  here. 


88  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

Does  your  establishment  publish-a  magazine  known-as    'The 
s»_6~_ "^ ^.., : '_ 

New  South?"     It-seems  that-they  could  settle  their  dispute  with- 


out  such-a  display -of  anger.     As-soon-as-it-is-possible  to  establish 
our-business  to  that-point,  we-shall  discount  our-bills. 


LESSON  ELEVEN 


44.  Omission  of  initial  syllables.  The  intial  syllable  of  cer- 
tain words  may  be  dropped,  thereby  adding  much  to  speed  and 
ease  in  writing  without  impairing  the  legibility  of  the  outline.  The 
omission  of  the  initial  syllable  may  be  indicated  by  writing  the 
remaining  part  of  the  word  close  to  the  preceding  outline.  This, 
however,  is  not  essential,  and  may  be  disregarded. 

EXERCISE  79.    Practice  the  exercise  until  you  have  memorized  it. 

_____      adjustment  .  again 

t  e 

.-__.-_     adjacent        __J*T~7_.    against        ..._  _____ 


account 


accountant 


accountable ,_.    __         abundant  another 

~/y 

acknowledge abundance  __      annoy 


annoyance  _ 
apology 

apologize 

en  close  1 
inclose  J 

inclosure 


about 

•/ 

aware 

%) 

adopt 

amount 

adapt 

arrive 

amend           _..7__ 

above 

amendment       -, 

z  - 

achieve 

adjust 

achiever 

H- 


89 


90 
engage 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

opinion          _>i^--    responsible 


engagement.  __Cj  _____     require  —J-  ----     respect 

endeavor       .  j^^.  .      requirement  --J.  ----- 


Vowel  words. 

EXERCISE  80.  In  the  following  list  of  words  the  only  sounded 
vowels  are  initial  and  are  expressed  by  vowel  characters.  Write 
these  words  just  above  the  base  line. 


aid 

-  rf            angle 

-  ^K.     -  -     oak               _  _  o 

ail 

S*            ill 

^  oath               __t>r_  - 

air 

/*"             inch 

.  _  ^j  odd                .  _^  -  -  - 

arm 

s*            ease 

.  _  _7&            orb                   *V3 

art 

s7            east 

"^            ooze                  _i 

article 

^      -     ebb 

"Vz          old                   ^. 

ash 

.  *<L.           edge 

"^J.            ought               C 

*able 

s*    .         egg 

~^L           use                   So. 

*ample 

__^_  eel 

~\           useful              ^p. 

axe 

/\           earn 

"N__         usual                Vo^  _ 

ice,  eyes 


eat,  eaten    ..^v__.       usher 


*In  the  words  able  and  ample,  the  bl  hook  is  arbitrarily  turned  on  the  under 
side  to  facilitate  the  writing. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  91 

45.  Phrasing.  The  following  exercises  illustrate  the  phrasing 
of  numerals  and  the  expressions  that  are  frequently  used  in  con- 
nection with  them. 

EXERCISE  81.  The  d  is  written  below  and  to  the  right  of  a  figure 
to  express  dollars;  above  and  to  the  right  of  a  figure  to  express  days. 

five  dollars  _______  s5/___  five  days  _____  ^5"_  _____ 


EXERCISE  82.     The  p  is  joined  to  a  figure  to  express  per  cent. 
It  is  written  to  the  right  of  a  figure  to  express  pounds. 


ten  per  cent  _/£S^___,    '     twenty  pounds 

fifteen  per  cent       ./^^s.  _____         fifty  pounds 


EXERCISE  83.     Hundreds,  thousands  and  millions  are  expressed 
by  joining  their  initial  letters  to  numerals. 

six  hundred 

thousand  -<£7T_ 

nine  hundred 
y(5\_  dollars  . 


ten  million 
-_-J.CT\.  three  million         >2_ 

EXERCISE  84.     The  m  is  written  below  and  to  the  right  of  a  figure 
to  express  months',  above  and  to  the  right  to  express  minutes. 

six  months  _.6__ — ...      fifteen  minutes     ./s5" -.- 

five  months                            . 
and  seven  days   -  -  -  -^L.-  -  ?-  ten  minutes          /-£ . . 


92  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  85.     The  /  is  written  above  and  to  the  right  of  a  figure 
to  express  feet.     Two  t's  express  inches. 

ten  feet  j_Q_'_ eight  inches  ___#_'' 

two  feet  and 
twenty-five  feet   £5_'___  two  inches Z_'_Z ''____ 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  86.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  eighty  words  per  minute. 

In-our  opinion,  it-would-be-a  fatal  mistake  to  adopt-the  amend- 

-*?*.--£:-~-~e~'--x. -*--* -- 

ment.     We-wish  to-apologize  for-the  annoyance  we-have  caused- 
_^£  ^*~^   ^_ 

">  ~ 

you  in-the  adjustment-of  this-matter. 

.-.-*--.       ..~^^. y 

<K  ^ 

For  immediate  payment,  we-will  discount  your  note  20  per  cent. 

..^..^...-rrrr^..«^..v..N...._^...^^^___x_... 

We-have-your  note  for  nine-hundred-dollars,  drawn  in-favor-of 

V, -j-  -^^        j&rT^- 

J.  B.  Childs  &  Co;,  and  given  in-payment  for  ten-thousand-feet 


(of)  quarter-sawed  White  Oak. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  93 

Your-order  for  three-million-feet  (of)  Ash  calls  for-the  shipment- 

y  -^  -A-  --<?  -•*  --- 


of  five-hundred-thousand-feet  every  three-months. 


The  usual  discount-on  jobbers'  orders  is  15  per  cent,  when-the 


order-is  for  fifty-pounds  or  less;  10  per  cent,  when-it  amounts-to 

f^\  -1^^--  ~~~^JP~~ 

more-than  100-pounds.     We-shall  endeavor-to  arrange  matters  so- 


--«<"--  "X"  r-y 

as-to-make-a  payment  on  this  bill. 


LESSON  TWELVE 

46.  There  are  a  great  many  verbs  having  as  a  termination  the 
sound  of  kt.  These  verbs  are  inflected  by  adding  the  syllables 
ed,  ing,  ion  and  ive,  as  select,  selected,  selecting,  selection  and  selec- 
tive. There  are  so  many  such  words  that  it  is  desirable  to  have  a 
rule  for  expressing  the  terminal  sounds  of  their  inflected  forms,  as 
well  as  the  sound  of  kt  which  terminates  the  verb. 

Rule  36.  Write  the  first  syllable  of  kt  words  according  to  pre- 
viously given  rules;  detach  the  character  representing  the  begin- 
ning sound  of  the  syllable  that  terminates  in  kt,  and  write  it  under- 
neath the  first  syllable  to  express  the  kt. 

Example:  In  the  word  select,  the  first  syllable  is  formed  by  writ- 
ing s  on  the  e  position,  SP  —  -  ;  /,  the  beginning  sound  of  the  kt 
syllable,  is  detached  and  written  underneath  se,  in  the  kt  position, 
thereby  indicating  the  kt  sound,  thus,  se-lect  _  —  -^  .  The  outline 
for  select  is  also  written  and  read  for  selected,  selecting,  selection 
and  selective,  as  the  context  will  readily  determine  which  form  of 
the  word  is  used. 

EXERCISE  87.  The  value  of  this  principle  and  your  ability  to 
apply  it  will  be  determined  by  the  way  you  practice.  You  must 
associate  each  termination  with  the  outline  both  in  writing  and 
reading  the  following  exercise. 

connect    -ed-ing-ion-ive  --„  _____  detract    -ed-ing-ion-ive.  -.'£-- 


con  tract  -ed-ing-ion-ive-  -^  _____  deduct  -ed-ing-ion-ive     ^  ----- 

conduct   -ed-ing-ion-ive.-^-  ______  deflect  -ed-ing-ion-ive  __/^  ---- 

/ 

construct  -ed-ing-ion-ive.  _          direct  -ed-ing-ion-ive  ___/_  ____ 

o 

detect      -ed-ing-ion-ive  -  4.  _____  elect  -ed-ing-ion-ive 

94 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  95 

erect        -ed-ing-ion-ive      ^ protect  -ed-ing-ion-ive  .-^____. 

eject         -ed-ing-ion-ive  .A.-.,    protract  -ed-ing-ion-ive  _^s-_._- 

induct      -ed-ing-ion-ive    _-^ predict  -ed-ing-ion-ive  .!^^_. 

inflict       -ed-ing-ion-ive    .-&__  _   reject       -ed-ing-ion-ive  _^ 


instruct   -ed-ing-ion-ive    j retract      -ed-ing-ion-ive  _^._. 

inspect     -ed-ing-ion-ive    _/_      reflect       -ed-ing-ion-ive  _N 

inject       -ed-ing-ion-ive  __j restrict     -ed-ing-ion-ive__>o 

EXERCISE  88.     Other  letters  or  syllables  following  the  terminal 
kt  sound  are  expressed  by  joining  them  to  the  detached  syllable. 

selections    ^~^-^^>_      director        ../_ connections  _^ 

electrical      ~^?l___      directness       ,_  malefactors  .J^b... 


EXERCISE  89.  The  kt  rule  may  be  applied  to  words  of  one  sylla- 
ble, such  as  act,  fact,  etc.,  by  writing  the  first  letter  of  the  word 
underneath  the  preceding  word,  as  illustrated  in  the  following 

phrases. 


we  will  act  ^&-  tn^s  ^act  -^^____ 

--2-»  Tjj 

we  have  acted  _— ^^T"^"  owing  to  the  fact 

he  acts  /^Tsr*  ^s  sec^on  -~r>:>x 

he  is  acting  /^^  ^-^^s  market 

their  acting  — >v  in  the  market 


96  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

please  execute  __<; ^._       we  are  able  to  execute .-_^^v* 

we  will  execute  .j^5_.        we  are  m  thg  market      ^^ 

SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  90.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write  them 
at  the  rate  of  80  words  per  minute. 

Dear-Sir:  We-are-in-the-market  for-a  special  twill  cloth,  as-per 


sample  shown  herewith.    We-will-execute  your-order  immediately. 


If-the  investment  is-a  failure,  we  shall- be  responsible,  as-we- 


have-acted  on-our-own  judgment  in-the-matter. 


Owing- to- the-f act  that-we-are-unable  to-form-the  proper  con- 


nections with  foreign  houses,  we-must  decline  to-book-orders  for 


tr 

future  delivery.     Our-failure  to-make  prompt  shipment  is  due  to- 

-  -^.^^          ^..-O-. 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  97 

the-fact  that-we-are-unable-to-execute  your  entire  order. 


Gentlemen:  This  is-to  inform-you  that-we-do-not  care-to-enter 


into-a  contract  with-your  house  for  electrical  fixtures. 

*  -- 
He-  was  elected  as-a  director  of-  the  bank  by-a  direct-  vote-of-  the 


stockholders.     The  manufacturers-of  this-section  object-to-the  re- 


strictions  placed  upon  them  by-the  Government. 
._crrrf-      --7I7T^ /^         «^----x 


WORD  STRUCTURE  AND  RULE  FOR  OUTLINING 

47.  The  preceding  lessons  have  fully  directed  the  student  in 
the  first  two  steps  of  shorthand  writing;  namely,  (a)  that  of  form- 
>ng primary  syllables  by  writing  alphabetic  consonants  on  the  vowel 
positions,  and  (b)  the  extension  of  these  syllables  by  the  methods 
illustrated. 

The  rules  for  syllable  extension  have  operated,  not  only  in  form- 
ing brief,  legible  outlines,  but  in  expressing  all  the  sounds  of  syl  • 
lables  by  forms  that  clearly  indicate  syllable  completeness;  that  is, 
correctly  formed  outlines  always  show  where  one  syllable  ends 
and  another  begins.  This  feature  is  illustrated  in  the  words  traps 
and  trapeze.  Both  of  these  words  have  as  a  base  the  primary 
syllable  tra  ./  ;  the  extension  of  tra  into  another  completely  liable 
terminating  in  the  sounds  ps  is  shown  by  using  the  extension  forms 
of  p  and  s,  thus,  traps  *&  ;  whereas,  if  the  alphabetic  p  and  the 
expedient  s  were  used,  the  outline  would  indicate  a  two  syllable 
word,  the  first  syllable  being  tra,  and  the  second  syllable  beginning 
with  p  followed  by  a  vowel  and  terminated  by  s,  thus,  tra-pes-^=^^ 
trapeze.  This  feature  illustrates  the  strength  and  naturalness  of 
the  system,  and  how  thoroughly  every  situation  is  provided  for. 
It  results  in  a  natural  differentiation  of  words  having  the  same  com- 
binations of  consonants,  but  differing  as  to  their  syllabication.  In 
other  systems,  such  words  are  either  written  alike,  or  arbitrarily 
distinguished. 

Another  important  result :  The  primary  syllables,  and  those  that 
are  formed  by  the  different  extension  methods,  constitute  root,  or 
stem  outlines.  The  same  combination  of  sounds  is  always  repre- 
sented by  the  same  stem  outline,  and  outlines  for  derivative  words 
having  the  same  stem  sound  are  formed  by  building  to  the  stem 
outline.  This  is  illustrated  by  the  syllable  seed  — ^,  which  is  the 
stem  outline  for  such  words  as  recede,  intercede,  concede,  proceed, 

exceed,  etc. 

98 


, 

ROWE    SHORTHAND  ~-<:V  J^S     99 


The  following  section  of  this  text  gives  instructions  for  prefix 
and  suffix  representation,  but  the  student  needs  to  bear  in  mind 
that  the  more  important  features  of  his  work  have  been  given,  and 
that  he  should  be  able  to  instantly  outline  the  sten-  of  any  word. 
To  that  end  you  should  put  into  practice  the  following  rule  for 
outlining. 

Rule:  Write  the  word  in  longhand,  spelling  it  as  it  should  be 
spelled;  determine  which  vowel  is  to  be  expressed  by  position  and 
the  consonant  that  is  to  be  written  on  position  to  indicate  the  vowel. 
Cancel  all  other  vowels  and  silent  consonants.  This  leaves  the 
sounds  that  are  to  be  expressed  by  the  shorthand  outline.  Re- 
write the  word  in  longhand,  using  only  the  letters  that  were  not 
cancelled,  and  then  outline  it  in  shorthand  by  writing  the  vowel- 
indicating  consonant  on  position,  and  combining  the  consonant 
sounds  that  follow  by  applying  the  rules  of  contraction  that  are 
indicated,  or,  if  the  combination  is  expressed  in  an  alphabetic  form, 
by  using  it. 

Example  :  Principle  —  the  first  i  in  this  word  is  expressed  by  posi- 
tion, the  pr  is  the  consonant  that  is  written  on  position  to  indicate 
i,  hence  the  remaining  i  and  e  are  cancelled,  leaving  the  following 
combination,  princpl.  Note  that  the  i  is  followed  by  n;  pr,  being 
a  long  character,  is  lengthened  for  this  n  sound.  Then  follows  the 
sound  of  s,  which  in  turn  is  followed  by  pi,  hence,  we  have  the  fol- 
lowing: pr  written  on  the  i  position,  pri;  lengthened  for  n,  prin; 
further  extended  by  the  expedient  s,  prins;  the  final  sound  of  pi  is 
expressed  by  the  alphabetic  pi,  prins  pi  -^  —  <^r  .  This  rule  for  out- 
lining will  apply  to  all  root  words,  and  its  observance  will  always 
result  in  simple,  legible,  analogous  outlines. 


LESSON  THIRTEEN 


48.  Attached  prefixes.  This  lesson  introduces  the  third  and 
last  step  in  shorthand  writing;  namely,  that  of  prefix  and  suffix 
representation. 

From  an  English  viewpoint,  the  suggestion  of  prefix  or  suffix 
presupposes  an  already  existing  root,  or  stem  word.  The  same  is 
true  in  this  system  of  shorthand.  By  an  application  of  the  pre- 
ceding principles,  the  root,  or  stem  outlines  of  all  the  words  of 
the  language  are  formed,  and  by  the  use  of  prefixes  and  suffixes, 
these  stem  outlines  are  preserved. 

Prefixes  are  not  written  with  reference  to  vowel  positions,  but 
relative  to  the  stem  outline.  A  prefix  may  be  the  result  of  an 
application  of  some  principle,  such  as  the  shortening  of  medium 
characters  to  express  the  sounds  of  m  or  n,  forming  such  prefixes  as 
am,  an,  etc.,  or  it  may  be  arbitrarily  expressed.  There  are  two 
kinds  of  prefixes — attached  and  detached. 

An  attached  prefix  is  one  that  is  connected  to  the  stem  outline 
without  lifting  the  pen.  A  detached  prefix  is  one  that  is  written 
relative  to  the  stem  outline,  either  before  or  through  it,  the 
prefix  and  stem  outline  being  separate  strokes. 

EXERCISE  91.  A,  ad,  af,  and  at— expressed  by  a,  attached, 
written  either  upward  or  downward. 


abate 

abide 

agree 

ago 

across 


avail  :_f^TS?..  affair 

adhere  .(^T...  affable 

admire          _.£ affiliable 

admirable      _Lz affirm 

admit  .  /  afford 

100 


Atlantic 
atmosphere 
attain  £„. 

attainable    Y 
EXERCISE  92. 

afterglow 
aftermath 

EXERCISE  93. 
albino  .-^ 

album 
albumen 
allege 
allegiance 
alliance 
allot 
allow 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  101 

attend  .—£—.  attribute        __£____ 

attends,  at-  £ 

.__£"_-_.•  attach-ed 
tendance 

attest  __c£  ____  attachment  ___\L  ____ 


attire  ^  attempt 

r  —  expressed  by  the  word-sign. 


•£--    —  '      afternoon 


afterthought 


1x  — 


el  and  il — expressed  by  the  large  loop. 
allude  ^"^      element       ..P. 

almost  --o  ----      elevate 


alphabet  illegal 


also 
always 


9 


illegible 
illicit 


although      --<S(--         illogical 


.. 

<!?' 


elbow 
elegant 


/T)~ 


illimitable 
illumine 


102 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  94.     As — expressed  by  the  word-sign, 
asbestos        -^v assert  _.?«•£__     *assimilable  -C,^, 


ascend            ^^--~f* 

assess              *-  «* 

assist             ^_^ 

ascertain       JL-rfL-- 
ascribe         -Q.P-- 

assessment  ._§.  —  =^_ 
*assessable    <*_^-€ 

assistance     g  p 
assistant       <?.  p 

assail 

assessor           Q^   J?_ 

assort 

assault           -  

assign            s^_=»- 

assorted        Q 

assay           .    _    __ 

assignment    a,.  , 

assortment 

assemble     .5^_-^ 

assignable     o       ., 

assume 

absent             ^     ^? 

assignor        <i__^v 

assure 

*See  Rule  7. 

C 

EXERCISE  95.     Be — expressed  by  the  b  written  in  a  more  slant- 
ing manner. 


befall 

behind 

^*s"       '     beneath        ^  —  ** 

before 

,^^  behoove 

beside          -^^^-^ 

begin 

--£?-—.   belittle 

.-.-^^y  beseech        .^?-  —  *$-- 

began 

yj 

--       belone 

beheld         /T^?..- 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  96.     Com,  con,  co  and  cor- 
ened,  attached. 


103 

xpressed  by  k,  short- 


combine 

^2    _  compel               ">s> 

concern         .vr  —  mm~* 

comfort 

-^^        complain       v<  

concert          **-*+-*** 

comfortable 

complacent  .^  ^ 

concise          *-^_j> 

committal 

^^        complex        ^-r 

consider         %^^__^ 

command 

v^7'         compromise 

considerable  Vj^_  _^ 

commend 

..««*____  compute       .  .-  ... 

consign          ^^_^s 

comment 

-^-  .       concord        -^v_» 

consist            V^--P 

commit 

-___--.   concrete        *~*^..-- 

consistent               o 

commonplace  concur 

commercial      -_^^.-_.  confess 

commune         confine 

commute          conform 

compress  _^r>t,_  confront 

compare  ^i^7^>__  confuse 

comprise          .-:->s^_-  consent 
^b 

compete  _.t?^>_    conceal 


consult 


ri> —  consume 

-  consumer 
_    constant 
.-  constrain 
.-  contrive 
f.  control 

-  converse 


104 

convert 
cohere 
cohort 


EXERCISE 
manner. 

debar 
debase 
detach 
denounce     . 
EXERCISE 
elapse 

elicit 
elope 
elude 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

v^-rTTy.      coma  ,^i —      corrupt 

^x^T~_       corrode        _    corrigible     -^ 

/  n 

correspond  ._v_a.^ corpuscle 

97.     De — expressed  by  d  written  in  a  more  slanting 


defer 
decide 
define 
detain 


delay 
denote 
deposit 
depleted 


98.     E,  ed  and  ef — expressed  by  e. 
evade 


99.     Enter — expressed  by  the  word-sign. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  105 

EXERCISE  100.     Ever,  every  and  effer — expressed  by  the  word- 
sign. 

everlasting  .,^^,..         everywhere  ^i 

evermore  effervesce  -^m> 

~"ll.~~~ 

EXERCISE  101.     Ex — expressed  by  x. 


express  . -7-TH . . .       extra 


expense  ^v  -       expire 


EXERCISE  102.    Inter,  Intel  and  intro — expressed  by  i,  short- 
ened, shaded  and  written  downward. 

interfere       --•*=*. interior  ...± interspersed--V^&.-. 

intermingle    -±, interminable     __JL» intellect 

intervene     ---*rrr^    interim  ..1 :  intellectual  .- 

interest         .& intermit  _.^_, intelligence  .. 

interpose     .-/-__.._  interval  ...'^^-  introduce 

EXERCISE  103.    0  and  of — expressed  by  o. 
omen  office  ..S.-       offset 


omit  N^          official          _.^/^._.      offtake 

offense         ./Sr*...       officer  __x^v-       offshoot 


offer  ..N.-X..       officious        ..-..      offhand       .v/ 


106  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  104.     Re — expressed  by  r,  shaded. 


rebate 

v'           relate 

"repent           ^^~^> 

rebel 

v2            relieve          s^<rrl 

"result 

rebound 

remain         ^^._ 

*recall 

v?._         realize          <^^>-  — 

"resort             __     _  . 

*recant 

v/             remark         --  ^i'..,_= 

"receipt 
"record 

_-V—  *--      remiss          v-,,.....  . 
remit           '^—7 

"resemble    Y^—  -?.  - 

"recede 
redeem 

__v^._      remittance  ^-a.  
sX.  .        remote            

"recess         v  —  *-.— 
"resolve       v^_^3>— 

refuse 

"5* 

renounce 

"resume 

refund 

renew 

respond       ^^ 

regain 

^7 

^             "repel          ?T^     . 

return          ..  

regard 

STv_        "repeat        ^>._. 

\x- 

retail              — 

regret 

^/            "reproach    , 

review 

*Strike  re  backward  before  k,  j,  and  p. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  107 

EXERCISE  105.     Under  —  expressed  by  the  word-sign. 
undergo  ____  t_  ________      under-rate  _____  '_>  _______ 

underhand  ...^1.  -----       underscore  ___ 

underground          ____  y  _________      understand  • 

underlie  ____  \^'-  -----      understood 

underneath  ____  ^----r  -----      undertake 


SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  106.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  90  words  per  minute. 

Your-favor  (of  the)  16th  inst.  is-at-hand,  with-prices  and  terms, 
which-we-find  entirely  satisfactory. 


We-regret-to-find  that-we-are-unable  to  close-your  consignment 


f 


as-soon-as-we-had  hoped. 
We-never-had-a  complaint  before  from  any-of-our  customers. 


108  ROWE    SHORTHAND 

We-are-unable  to  manufacture-the  goods  fast-enough  to  satisfy 


C? 
the  demand  of  -our  customers. 


We-respectfully-call   to-your  notice  statement-of-account  ren- 


dered,  and  request-you  to-make-us  a  remittance  at-your  earliest 


convenience.     Are   we-to   understand   by-your   silence   that-you 


refuse-to-abide  by-the  rules,  as  adopted  by-the  official  board? 


We  always  wish-to-be-on-the  side-of  justice,  therefore,  we-shall 


resist  any  attempt  on-his  part  to  effect-a  compromise. 


His  success  may-be  attributed  more  to-an  indomitable  spirit 


and-a  desire  to  excel  than   to-any  assistance  he-received  from- 
others. 


LESSON  FOURTEEN 

49.  Attached  suffixes.  In  the  following  exercises  it  will  be 
observed  that  the  character  which  represents  the  important  sound 
of  the  suffix  is  used  to  express  the  entire  syllable. 

(a)  Y,  ty  and  dy,  pronounced  2,  tt,  and  dl,  are  expressed  by  the  i. 

(b)  When  y  follows  a  circle  or  loop,  it  is  expressed  by  extending 
the  circle  or  loop  very  slightly  across  the  stem. 

(c)  The  suffix  ward  is  expressed  by  the  w,  shaded  and  written 
downward. 

(d)  Shun  is  expressed  by  slightly  straightening  the  ish  or  ivha. 
The  ish  is  used  for  this  suffix,  except  after  hooks  and  the  /and  d, 
when  u>ha  is  used. 

(e)  Following  a  circle  or  loop,  the  shun  may  be  written  either 
upward  or  downward. 

(/)     Ration  is  expressed  by  shading  the  shun. 

(g)  Shuns  is  formed  by  adding  s,  and  shun-al  by  adding  /,  to 
shun. 

(h)  Shiate,  skiated,  shiating,  shiation  and  shiative  are  expressed 
by  writing  shun  upward. 

(i}    Ish  is  expressed  by  the  ish  character. 

(/)     Ism  and  asm  are  expressed  by  the  expedient  s  joined  to  m. 

Do  not  spell  these  suffixes,  but  pronounce  them,  and  when  one 
sign  is  given  several  syllable  values,  learn  it  for  each  syllable. 

EXERCISE  107.  F,  ty  and  dy — expressed  by  the  i,  written 
either  upward  or  downward. 

tawny  ._>? artificially    _.£L___      ready  ,_x_ 

sunny  officially        .-\^.__       seedy  _s^^__ 

*"" "7  -^ 

sorrv  needy          ..--^^.       happy          ..^T7_ 

s  „/ 

enmity  -\  scanty         ..^ copy 

109 


110 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  108.     Ry,  try  and  dry  —  shade  the  y  ending. 
dreary  -./...  .    hungry  glory 

' 

weary 
flattery 


tarry  __/_  _____      wintry 

_./._.      sentry          _^__^_     jury 


EXERCISE  109.     By  —  join  the  y  ending  to  b. 
baby  —  9-  —      whereby        ^t-  anybody 

hereby         -^-^--     nobody 


EXERCISE  110. 
to  bl  or  pi. 


--.  -,---/O      everybody 

and  polity  —  ^join  the  y  ending 


forcibly 

cipahty 
peaceably              r—     ^*)  

adaptability           *^  

affably,  affability  --  -  ^?_.    _ 

reply                     __---!Sp.  
imply                    —  -^  ^., 
simply                         ^*^_j^ 

advisably,  advis- 
ability                    -(^9- 
notably,    nota- 

bility                            J> 
impenetrability           -L.Tr^.  .  . 

passably,    passi-       -^_ 

plausibility             ^~^~ 

bility 

ROWE    SHORTHAND  111 

EXERCISE  111.     Ly,  sty  and   cy  —  expressed  by  extending  the 
circle  or  loop  very  slightly  across  the  stem. 


bravely  ^^.^L.  manfully      __"*?_  _____  intensity  J**?L 

early  -7%-  _____  faithfully     .^  ____  scarcity  _5r£ 

excellently  S^^C.  thankfully  ____  _^>_.  capacity  __^ 

extremely  .^-z^-.  wilfully         .£  _____  adversity 

kindly  -^/-  _____  truthfully    ________  immensity  _ 


lately  -rr^T___        rusty  industry 

likely  ^^^..       dusty  fancy 

cheerfully     <h curiosity       hesitancy 


EXERCISE  112.     Cy  is  also  used  for  zy  and  sly. 


hazy  .^Ti          fiercely         ^rs:  ____    harmoniously 

lazy  _:^T77__     vigorously   -^^-__    inversely 


clumsy.  I 

,        M  generously  -<r>  _____    conversely        ..\^^T^s. 

clumsily  "c^f" 

EXERCISE  113.     Fy,  vy  and  thy  —  expressed  by  making  the/, 
v  and  ith  more  curving. 

fortify          _^^.__       qualify         __<^S___        glorify          .^.._    — 
"~ 


112 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


certify 

justify 

specify 

ratify 

navy 


slavery        <„ 

wealthy       ~^r>^ . . 


silvery  "o^^r? 

very  /rTT^v. 

bravery  ^7^.__     sympathy   __^, 

divinity  /^~^\        theory  ..JL 

wavy  rrr^T.          theoretical 


EXERCISE  114. 
shaded. 

afterward 

inward 

onward 

reward 

wayward 

EXERCISE  115. 
ish  and 

nation 

mention 

evasion 


Ward — expressed  by  w,  written  downward  and 


5 
? 


7 

.91  .... 


Eastward 
Southward 
forward 

straightforward 
backward 
Shun — expressed  by  slightly  straightening  the 

addition        Y__-_ allegation 

edition          ?!-_.._._, 


division 
question       Or  -  - 


explanation 
exclamation 
elevation 


attention 
intention       - 
distinction 
fiction  - 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  113 

petition       .._"Trr>_--    *dispensation  _  .  ""~"7>»_    physician     .../-^__ 

condition         v__        *position  remission     --.\^.- 

^ 
sedition        ^  —  ^__    Imposition       ^^^          auction 

^T 

rendition      ..\_.    .  .    impulsion        ______  __.    auctioneer 

*See  Rule  7. 


EXERCISE  116.     Shuns    and    shunal  —  expressed   by   adding  s 
and  I  to  shun. 

emotions  cautions       _^._.        factions  C3.  ____ 

^ 

intimations  ^--  rational        --^----        traditions      ..^C  ----- 

missions  additional    __/_  -----    exceptional    __S»JX.. 
W  .   '  <^ 

stations       ,-£  ______  sectional      ._>^-o..    international..  ^777.-. 

discussions  -  national       ...rrrr?..     devotional 

H  * 

resolutions  -5s^v>..  suctions  emotional 


EXERCISE  117.     Ration  —  expressed  by  shading  shun. 
admiration  -£-*  exploration  .-V^-«—      vibration     .^-r-^« 

toleration     ...^^.      separation    ..>  _  ^...     inspiration 


114  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  118.     Shiate,  shiated,  shiating,  shiation,  shiative  —  ex- 
pressed by  writing  the  shun  upward. 


associate-ed-ing-  _____  ^...j.....       denunciation 

tion  „ 

negotiate-ed-ing-  _____  r^rr-J^  .  .  .      appreciation          . 

tion 

EXERCISE  119.     Self  and  selves  —  expressed  by  joining  the  circle 
angularly. 

himself          .._^^r^     myself          __  0  _____     thyself         ..-r-s^-.-. 

herself  ..^^?..     ourselves     ^/^  ____     themselves  .  .TTT^>  . 

EXERCISE  120.     Ish  —  expressed  by  the  ish  character. 

mannish  ..1^...  *foolish 


Irish  ?_ *polish 

*See  Rule  7. 

EXERCISE  121.     Ism  and  asm — expressed  by  sm. 

plagiarism  l\    _  _  conservatism 

egotism  _~\  atheism 

officialism  \_  enthusiasm 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  115 

A  COMPLETE  LIST  OF  YOU  AND  YOUR  PHRASES 

EXERCISE  122.  The  following  is  a  complete  list  of  words  that 
are  written  on  the  u  position  to  suggest  a  following  you  or  your.  A 
partial  list  was  given  in  Lesson  6. 


to  you,  your  and  you,  your 


do  you,  your  after  you,  your 


did  you,  your     will  you,  your 

if  you,  your  replying  to  you,  your    

^  v, 

have  you,  your_-_        in  reply  to  you,  your     . 

for  you,  your        answering  you,  your      

from  you,  your in  answer  to  you,  your 


SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  123.     Practice  these  sentences^until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  90  words  per  minute. 

If-you-will  faithfully  and  intelligently  follow-the  study-of  short- 

^-  --^~^~--^7---<±~- 

hand  you-will  ultimately  become  expert. 


We-are-not  at-all  pleased  with-your   evident  evasion  of-this 


116 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


question,  and  insist-upon-a  straightforward  statement-of-your  in- 


tentions.     His  position,  to-say-the  least,  is  rather  dangerous. 


Replying-  to-your-favor  (of)  recent-date,  will-state-that  we-can- 

not  allow-you-the  line-of  credit  you-request.    We-are-sorry  to-learn 

c^V       ^  '  ^^ 

that-we  made-a-mistake  in  shipping  your-goods. 


£y- 

Owing-to-your-failure  to  specify  sizes-of-the  various  items  in- 


/ 


your-order,  we-were  compelled  to  delay  shipment  until  this  infor- 


mation  was  given.     The  goods-have-been  forwarded  to-you  to- 


T 

day  per  American  Express. 


LESSON  FIFTEEN 


50.  Detached  prefixes.  As  stated  in  a  previous  lesson,  a  de- 
tached prefix  is  one  that  is  written  relative  to  the  stern  outline 
either  before  or  through  it,  the  prefix  and  the  stem  outline  consti- 
tuting separate  strokes. 

Unless  a  prefix  results  from  an  application  of  one  of  the  rules  of 
contraction,  it  is  expressed  by  an  arbitrary  sign,  and  as  such  must 
be  memorized  for  the  syllable  or  syllables  it  represents. 

EXERCISE  124.  Ac,  oc,  ab,  ob,  ap,  op — expressed  by  a  dot  placed 
immediately  before  the  stem  outline. 


accede 

accept 

acceptable 

accord 

accurate 

accuse  ! 

occur 


absurd 

obscure 

observe 

obtain 

obviate 

obvious 

appear 

appease 

appliance 

appoint 

oppose 

oppress 


117 


118  ROWE  SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  125.     Ante,  anti,  antag — expressed  by  ant. 

f) 

antecedent  ....^^ antiquated        ^L 

antedate  / ,. antiquity  , *\ 

ante  mortem  ./ /. antagonize        _f_ ,,.. 

anterior  ^ antagonist         ^ o.. 

antidote  .f antagonism        .:_^ r 

antipathy  !_> _ antagonistic       r     „ 

EXERCISE  126.     Circum — expressed  by  the  s. 
circumference        *—**.-.  circumflex          — -s.^. 

circumlocution       .- ~--^> -         circumscribe      »-~v_^ 


EXERCISE  127.     EC,  ep,  epi  and  ig — expressed  by  a  comma. 

eccentric  ?r^r~~^. ignobly  •— •*• ^-- — 

epicure  >c;<;: ignominious 

epidemic  .....**^r. ignominy 

epilogue  .....^.^. ......  ignore 

episode  .^^.^ ignorant 

ignite  ^ T ignorantly 

ignoble  — .^^^^ ignoramus 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  119 

EXERCISE  128.     Equa,  equi. — expressed  by  the  q. 

J                                 J  A 

equable        __-^f»__       equidistant..^'. equitable       ._.. 


equableness  .^ri._.u    equiform      --^  ____     equity 

equability    _^_  _____    equilateral   _4K^___    equivalent 

equanimity       1  equinox        _    j  .      .    equivocal 


J 
equation       _^  ______    equipage      ._^Ctj___     equivocate 

equator        ._  7  ____    equipoise      _>J___    equivocation 


EXERCISE  12^.    Ow  and  omni  —  expressed  by  the  o. 
omelet  .<<-'         omnibus  omniscient 


omnif  orni     -  ^-- omnipotent 


omnium 


omnific  ^\ — ^5-    omnipresent- T^tr^?  omnivorous: 

EXERCISE  130.     Per,  pur  and  pre — expressed  by  the  b. 

perceive      <2 ^rr>     permission      ^  purloin 

C 

perceptible^ 2_._      permit  s?-?---  purport 

perchance  ......g__      pernicious     .^ purpose 

c>  ^^^^-^^^ 

persuade     /^— ^  perpetual      _^^s&  purposeful 

perform  purlieu  pursue 

^  ^ 


120 

pursuit 
purvey 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


precocious 


prescribe  ^p. 


predetermine  .  /  ------      present 


purview  prelude 
T-^ 

precarious    ^U...  premium 

precautious  ^cp..._.  prepare 

precede         O_^__.  prepay 

precedence  ^_^g.-.  prepossess 


preserve 

preside 

presume 

pretend 

pretext 


precise          "ju^e        preposterous    „  .  prevent 

^3 

preclude  prerequisite    Q/ previous 

EXERCISE  131.     Pro — expressed  by  the  br. 

procure      prolong 

promote 
-sfo---    pronounce 


proceed 

procedure        -/SL_j<_     produce 

proclaim          /?T..._     proficient.. 

proclivity 

'/ 

procrastinate..7^^     profuse     provisional 


profound  provide 

"*$>"" 


EXERCISE  13  la.     Quad-ri — expressed  by  qd. 
quadrilateral  -^^—      quadrangle .  ^j — ^      quadruple 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


121 


EXERCISE  132.     Sub,  sup,  sue,  suf,  sur  and  sus — expressed  by 
the  sta. 


subdivide 

subdue 

sublime         -.^^r.     support 

submit          .~, suppose 

subordinate^^...        succinct 


supplant      .-V_<r..x  suffuse 
supplement .  .0.5^ . . .  surpass 

-ra---        surprise 
^^> 

-0-_-.__.  survey 
-<a_.      ,.  survive 


AST- 


subsequent  - 


succor 


<s^- 


susceptible  _Q. 5?_ 


subscribe      OAJ*---     succumb  suspend        .iVTrr^,... 

\*^-s  ^ 

*substance  .„...?..    suffer  -&~*          suspicion      .Q^^^_ 

*substantial:rm^_     suffice  <5~&-          sustain          OT 

*This  prefix  may  be  joined  to  a  stem  outline  that  begins  with  s/a  or  the 
circle  5. 

EXERCISE  133.     Super  and  subter — expressed  by  the  str. 
supercilious  ^^_^  supersede 

superficial              .-..^-^                supervene                  ...©m 
superimpose          fv^----  supervisor  -Q^rr- 

superinduce          subterfuge 

of  O~^i 

^^^ 

superintend  Qf._  subterranean 


122  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  134.     Tran  and  trans — expressed  by  the  tr. 

tranquil  ._jT_.  transfer  ,j^          translate 

i? 

tranquility     .-^L_.  transferable        .^^OL__    transmit          +   

£?^ 

transaction     _^___.  transform  transparent  __7^^t. 

transcend 

transcribe       .ja^> transgress  „/&...      transport 

transcription  .<^> transit  .^^^^    transpose 


_b« ^.   transformation  transpire 


51.  The  negative  sign.  Some  of  the  negative  prefixes  will 
not  join  readily  to  the  outlines  of  a  few  positive  words,  and  in  order 
to  preserve  the  analogy  of  these  outlines  a  negative  sign  is  employed. 

Rule  37.  Write  the  r  through  the  latter  part  of  an  outline, 
either  a  word  or  phrase,  to  express  its  negative  meaning. 


EXERCISE  135. 
lawful  trust 

unlawful    -^*°          mistrust 


essential 
non-essential 


wse 


unwse 


approve        _________      payment 

disapprove      _______      non-payment  .~TT~: 

fortune  adequate         A- 

^^>-- 

L 


misfortune 


adequate 
inadequate 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  •  123 

admissible      t$ regular         ._>^._._1    intentional        _jrf 

inadmissible^, irregular      ..^. unintentional  _J* 

advertence     ^~r^^°  refutable      have  been         .^rrr^ 

inadvertence. £mjc°  irrefutable    _N^.^_._  have  not  been -x^v^ 

animate         ^z. rational       __>_ has  been  _fC--— 

inanimate     _^fe irrational    ..£. has  not  been     /^.TL 

S 

efficient          -V-^----  reparable     _™^2*_    had  been          _/- . 

X 

inefficient      _"V>.---  irreparable  .-^T^?_    had  not  been    _r 


SENTENCES 

EXERCISE  136.  Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  90  words  per  minute. 

We-fully  believe  that-the-action  of-the  committee  was  super- 
induced by-a  profound  and  sincere  desire  to  restore  peace  among- 
the  members-of-our  association. 


Replying  to-the  criticism  contained  in-your  letter  (of  the)  8th 


124  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

inst.,  we-will  state-that  had  you  read-the  subsequent  issue  of-our 


journal  you-wou  Id-have  seen-the  following  correction:     "In  last 


month's  magazine  the  printer  made  us  appear  ridiculous  by-using 


the  Wv>rd  "omniscient"  instead  of  "omnipotent." 

As-we-have-not-been-able    to    secure-a    sufficient    number-of- 


skilled  workmen,  we-shall  suspend  operations  until  further  notice. 


The  financial  report  for-the  fiscal  year,  as-compared  with  those- 

./l<r^    ; 


of  previous  years,  shows  a  substantial  increase-of  profits. 


His  previous  admissions  preclude  recovery  by  suit. 


LESSON  SIXTEEN 

52.  Compound  prefixes.  The  prefix  com,  and  its  euphonic 
forms,  con,  col,  co,  cor  and  cog,  are  frequently  preceded  by  the 
syllables  ad,  dis,  e,  in,  mis,  non,  pre,  re,  self  and  un,  forming  such 
compound  prefixes  as  ac-com,  dis-com,  re-cog,  etc.,  which  are  ex- 
pressed according  to  the  following  rule: 

Rule  38.  Detach  the  first  letter  of  the  initial  syllable,  and  write 
it  close  to  or  through  the  stem  outline  to  express  the  compound 
prefix.  Do  not  modify  the  detached  character,  but  write  it  as  it 
appears  in  the  alphabet.  The  prefix  is  written  first. 

EXERCISE  137.     Accom,  accum — detached  a. 


accommodate        ^-..  accomplishment 

accompany  _...?frrrjL._  accumulate 

accomplish  ^ accumulation 

EXERCISE  138.     Discom-con,  decom — detached  d. 

discomfort  — *— -A- —  disconsolate 

disconcert  .___^4^ discontinue 

discontent  ._v^._.  decompose 


EXERCISE  139.     Econ,  enco  and  encom — detached  e. 
economy  . ^ economical 

economize  ^ encomium 

economist  ^ encompass 

125 


126 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  140. 
incombustible 

incommensurate 

incommode 

incomparable 

incompatible 

incompetent 

incompetency 

inconceivable 

incongruity 

inconsistent 

inconstant 

incontestable 

EXERCISE  141. 
misconceive 

misconception 

EXERCISE  142. 
noncontagious 

non  compos  men- 
tis 


Incom,  incon,  inco,  incor  and  incog — detached  i. 
incontrovertible 


.-->£ 


, 


inconvenient 

incoherence 

incohesion 

incogent 

incorporal 

incorrigible 

incorrupt 

incorruptible 

incorruption 

incognito 

incognizant 


JL 


^ 


Miscom  and  miscon — detached  m. 
misconstrue 


misconstruct 


-e/ 


Noncom  and  noncon — detached  n. 
_  r' „       nonconformist 

nonconformity 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  127 

EXERCISE  143.     Precon  —  detached  p. 


preconceive              -  -^v—  -*  —  x. 

preconquest 

r 

preconception        —  ^^^  ••     - 

precontract 

.> 

nreroncert                 -    ^S—  f-  . 

nrecontrive 

EXERCISE  144.  Recom,  recon,  recol  and  recog  —  detached  r. 

recommend  __v-z_.  reconciliation 

recommit  ____  ^—7-  _____  reconnoiter 

recompense  ____  ^T^rro...  reconsider 

recompensation  -.._7t!rrap._.  recollect 

reconcile  —  ****&  _____  recognize 

reconcilable  ---yy,fe?  ____  recognition 


EXERCISE  145.     Self  or  self  com,  self  con — detached  circle. 

self -care  _.--0jrt>_ self-confidence        . --0_^, 

self-centered  ?^_^:_.      self-conscious 

self-command  .-..°^. self-defense 

self-complacent  — ?5rr^r^..      self -denial 

self-conceit  ....o-i — =<___      self-determined 


128  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

Os^ 

self-examination      ... . .  .^TY-  .         selfish 

self-esteem  ...?*~b- selfishness  

EXERCISE  146.      Uncom  and  uncon — detached  u. 
uncomfortable       ^     unconcern  .  -  - -Sfi 

uncommitted         v^ unconditional        ...S^ 

uncommon  »___ unconscious  --"S 

uncompromising  .v,.....      unconventional 


53.  The  prefixes  co,  pre,  re,  un  and  in  combine  with  the  ac,  oc, 
ab,  ob,  ap  and  op,  forming  such  compounds  as  co-op,  inac,  etc.,  which 
are  expressed  according  to  the  following  rule : 

Rule  39.  The  compound  prefix  is  expressed  by  a  detached,  mod- 
ified form  of  the  first  letter  of  the  initial  prefix,  which  is  written 
relative  to  the  stem  outline. 

EXERCISE  147.     Coop — shortened,  detached  k. 
cooperate  ^rV> cooperation  ^rO_ 

EXERCISE  148.    Inac,  -oc,  etc. — shortened,  detached  i. 
inaccessible  ...^^^ inobservant  ,J>. 

inaccurate  i . 

-_---_•> inappreciable 

inaugurate 

inoculate  ...^^. inopportune  .^_^ 

EXERCISE  149.     Preac,  -oc,  etc. — shaded,  detached  p. 
preaccusation       -*v-^ preoccupy  •>, 

L£ 

preacquaint          ~~r....      preoccupancy       ."^ 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  129 

EXERCISE  150.     Reac,  -oc,  etc. — shaded,  detached  r. 

reoccupy  — ..-V^.....       reappoint  ^ .__. 

reobtain  y_ reapportion 

reappear  -T^___          reapproach 


EXERCISE  151.      Unac,  -oc,  etc. — shortened,  detached  u. 

unacceptable          ___,W^> unabsorbed  tv— ? 

unacquired             V/_ unobtainable  ...,>rf_. 

unaccountable       ^_ unapproachable    v 

unoccupied            .SRS,. unopposed  .____t 

unabrogated          ^_ unoperated  .__..^> 

54.     Other  compounds  are  formed  by  joining  the   characters 
that  represent  the  prefixes. 

EXERCISE  152. 

indiscernible              ___°^ — g__  insufficient  •— £> -- 

indiscreet               «^_ irreconcilable  ._^^$&.-.. 

indisputable           represent  ._..Y5L—<t_- 

insubordination         _ .  ^v^  reproduce 


o/ 

insuflferable  ^YI unprepared  . 


130 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

SENTENCES 


EXERCISE  153.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  90  words  per  minute. 

If-you  desire  to  accumulate  money,  you  must  economize  in- 


every-possible  way. 

At-the  expiration  of -the  present  year  we-wish  to  discontinue  our 
subscription  to-your  magazine,  The  Economist. 

We-are-sorry  that-you  misconstrued  our  statement,  and-hope 

^-O" 

that-you-will  reconsidei  your  decision  and  cooperate  with-us  in- 

X.^^T_^ia.^ 

this-movement.    He-is  too  self-centered  to  give  to-his  fellow  states- 

^      -— ^ 


men  the  recognition  which -is  justly  due  them. 


/ 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  131 

His  position  is-not-only   inconsistent,    but   incompatible  with 


every-principle  to-which  he-has  heretofore  subscribed. 


He-is-not-only  indiscreet,  but  inaccurate  in-his  statements. 

We-expect  to  reoccupy  our-former   quarters  on-or-about  Sep- 
tember 15th. 


LESSON  SEVENTEEN 


55.  Detached  suffixes.  This  is,  perhaps,  the  simplest  lesson 
in  this  section  of  the  text.  The  suffixes  that  follow  are  expressed 
by  detaching  the  characters  representing  the  important  sounds  of 
the  syllables,  and  always  writing  them  through  the  latter  part  of 
the  stem  outline. 

EXERCISE  154.     Age  —  expressed  by  a. 


village 
advantage 


advantageous 


disadvantage 


postage 


message 


EXERCISE  155.     Ary — expressed  by  a,  shaded, 
summary  dispensary 

primary  >?*-?<.- boundary 

missionary  pecuniary 

^ 


EXERCISE  156.     Else — expressed  by  the  fl. 
where  else  ^ something  else 

anything  else 
everything  else 


.....V 


132 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  133 


EXERCISE  157.     Graph,  graphy  and  graphic  —  expressed  by  gr. 


stenography-        .O.-.J^ phonograph-         

graphic  graphic 

paragraph  ..TT^fr...          ge°graphy-  k/.--. 

graphic 

EXERCISE  158.     Graphical  and  graphically — expressed  by  gl. 
stenographical-fy orrr± lithographical 

biographical          ^^ .,_      photographical 


EXERCISE  159.     Gram — expressed  by  the  g,  lengthened. 
telegram  <fccd£f..          program 


EXERCISE  160.     Hood — expressed  by  h. 
manhood  z£._ boyhood 


childhood  \>*£- girlhood 

EXERCISE  161.    Ize — expressed  by  i. 

fertilize  yr5i paralyze 

equalize  Jf specialize 

EXERCISE  162.    Ing  or  thing — expressed  by  a  dot. 

seeing  -^— '_' something 

feeling  ....  .^ anything 


134  ROWE   SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  163.     Ings  or  things — expressed  by  the  circle. 
lodgings  ^^- few  things 

o 

buildings    ,  -  —  -/^-°- many  things  ^ 


EXERCISE  164.     Ington — expressed  by  a  heavy  dot. 
Wellington  -=<£ Lexington 


Covington  5L_;>__^C---      Wilmington  .  _^r? 

* 

EXERCISE  165.     Ingly — expressed   by  the  loop,  written  hori- 
zontally. 

willingly  .^e_-_.--      meaningly 

chidingly  ^° seemingly  ..,_-^^^. 

EXERCISE  166.     Less,  lessly  and  lessness — expressed  by  •/. 


fearless-lessly-       <s^. thoughtless-  .      ,. 

lessness                                            lessly-lessness  HI 

heedless-lessly-  — s^2^-  careless-lessly-      ^^~- 

lessness  lessness 

EXERCISE  167.     Nificant  and  nificent — expressed  by  n. 
significant  - ^ *beneficence          .../J-.-o- 


magnificent  ...J^rrrr_.          *significance 

*Suffixes  may  be  extended  by  adding  the  letters  that  convey  the  required 
sounds. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  135 

EXERCISE  168.     Ology  and  ological  —  expressed  by  o. 
physiology  ------  A&--1---       psychology 

mythology  -  ______  i^  ______      psychological 


EXERCISE  169.     Guish,  quish  and  guage  —  expressed  by  q. 
vanquish  _____  TTTp^.-.,.      distinguish  ---«/•- 


languish,  ____  r^L....      relinquish 

language 


EXERCISE  170.     Sive,  sively  and  siveness  —  expressed  by  s. 
offensive-ly-ness    .-J^*^-^,  ----      expensive-Iy-ness  ...^Tr^,^. 

EXERCISE  171.     Ship,  shipped  and  shipment  —  expressed  by  ish. 
hardship  ____  _-^cT  _____       courtship 

worship  ________  j2  ____        scholarship 

EXERCISE  172.     Tive,  lively  and  tiveness  —  expressed  by  tne  /. 

relative-ly  _____  \^r^....       comparative          _.__!rrrr^<L_ 

affirmative  ----£  _______       primitive-ness          --5^s.__4._. 

declarative  _____  ^  _______       attentive-ly-ness  ----  &- 


136  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  173.     Tary,  tory  and  trary  —  expressed  by  tr. 
military  .....  -^  _____        interrogatory         _____ 


secretary  ____  r-^=-/2.  ____     explanatory 

dedicatory  -.-*-/£.  .......     contrary 

EXERCISE  1  74.     Tude  and  tute  —  expressed  by  d. 

solitude  institute 

---. 


magnitude  .....3^.  _______     constitute  ,  .....  ^  ...... 

56.  The  suffix  ate.  The  majority  of  words  ending  with  ate 
are  verbs  that  are  inflected  by  adding  the  syllables  ed,  ing,  tion  and 
live.  Unlike  other  suffixes,  ale  is  seldom  a  separate  syllable,  but 
is  generally  pronounced  in  connection  with  the  sound  preceding  it, 
therefore,  ate  is  assigned  a  position  above  the  stem  outline,  and  is 
expressed  according  to  the  following  rule: 

Rule  40.  Write  the  character  that  represents  the  sound  im- 
mediately preceding  the  ate  above  and  to  the  right  of  the  stem  out- 
line to  express  ate,  ated,  ating,  ation  and  alive. 

EXERCISE  175. 

celebrate         ated-ating-ation-ative    ____  ^^«?^_.. 


imitate  ated-ating-ation-ative    ____  ^-.. 

concentrate     ated-ating-ation-ative      ---v^-_ 
palpitate         ated-ating-ation-ative    ____  77?=^ 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  137 

stimulate         ated-ating-ation-ative  ^yr^r^... 

calculate          ated-ating-ation-ative  ^ 

speculate         ated-ating-ation-ative  !T7 

congregate      ated-ating-ation-ative 
aggregate        ated-ating-ation-ative 

elongate          ated-ating-ation-ative  -^r>~  - 

investigate      ated-ating-ation-ative  ^rro^ 

dictate  ated-ating-ation-ative  //_ 

complicate      ated-ating-ation-ative  .^rr._., 

dedicate          ated-ating-ation-ative  X™ 

indicate  ated-ating-ation-  ative  ^OrtT. .... 

reciprocate      ated-ating-ation-ative  ^_^x7'___ 

contemplate   ated-ating-ation-ative  ?*^?_ 

EXERCISE  176.     When  ate  is  a  distinct  syllable,  the  a  is  written 
on  position  according  to  Rule  40. 

create  ated-ating-ation-ative  ^T. 

liberate  ated  -ating-ation-ative  . 

exaggerate      a  ted -ating-ation-ative  . 


138  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

refrigerate  ated-ating-ation-ative    _ .  _  _N . 

invigorate  ated-ating-ation-ative    - 

remunerate  ated-ating-ation-ative 


EXERCISE  177.  The  ate  rule  applies  to  those  nouns  ending  in 
cation,  which  are  derived  from  verbs  that  usually  end  in  y,  as 
notification,  derived  from  notify. 


specifications 

-  .  fT^-urSr^  .  .      gratification              C/~^~~' 

modification 

justification 

qualifications 

"^^"^                                    cK*-" 

„„&$??.  _      notification 

signification 

^_^^^<-.      amplification            s^r' 

aoolication 

.  .  <^T^.  .  .           multiDlication 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 


SENTENCES 


139 


EXERCISE  178.     Practice  these  sentences  until  you  can  write 
them  at  the  rate  of  90  words  per  minute. 

Trusting-that-our  transaction  will-prove  mutually  profitable  and 


advantageous,  we-are-Yours-truly. 

.—-?c^-,  --x-- 
The  advantages-of-the  new  system,  as  compared  with-the  old, 


are  inappreciable.     This-is  very  apparent  when-the  relative  cost- 
of  installing  the  systems  is  considered.     Thanking-you  for  past- 


favors,  and  soliciting  a  continuance-of-your  patronage,  we-are- 


Very-truly-yours.    Through-the  inadvertence-of-our  stenographer, 


the  photograph-of-our  building  was-omitted  from-the  advertising 


140 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


matter  we-sent-you.     His  statement  was-very  significant  and  cal- 


culated to-cause  considerable  uneasiness  in-certain  quarters. 
^  ____  "  ^P  _^  s 

After-a  thorough  investigation-of-this-case  we-have  concluded 


7- 

that  somebody  else,  besides  the  accused,  is  responsible  for-the  pre- 

_J y^V--     ^-^^^Q -o- ^^---- 


vailing  condition-of-things. 


LESSON  EIGHTEEN 

57.  Word  sign  derivatives.  The  derivatives  of  a  word  that  is 
represented  by  a  word-sign  are  formed  by  adding  the  necessary 
sounds  to  the  primitive  sign. 


EXERCISE  179. 
arrange-ed             ".  j 

successful              ,< 

arrangement           I 

succession 

arranging              j 

successive             . 

disarrange                  .  .t__    i 

particular             r*  —  • 

prearrange               -._'?--.  J_ 

particulars-ize      -"^r~9 

satisfy-ied                     '  " 

particularly          ."^S& 

satisfaction                   ^  —  -3 

practical,                    ,  

•"V" 

satisfactory                   '  —  f 

practice 
practicable            .  .  .  .7^—^ 

dissatisfied                    °*  —  ' 

practicability              *~  —  ^2 

circumstance-s              -^^ 

impractical                 ^^  — 

circumstantial              -*^*, 

opportune-ity 

circumstantially           ^^^ 

opportunely 

success 

•^S»"~ 
inopportune 

succeed 

appropriate 

141 


142  ROWE   SHORTHAND 


appropriating 

interchange           .       L 

appropriation 

charge-ed                      1 

inappropriate          .  -->s-  - 

charges                  J  

equal                        -   J  . 

charging                L.    _ 

equals-equalize             o/ 

chargeable                   _w  _ 

equality                        j£. 

discharge               _    _J 

unequal                 -  /  .  . 

judge-ed 

character                _    _  ^-' 

1 
judging 

.characters-ize           _  ^  . 

judgment 

characteristic         .      V*-'  __, 

judgeship              

characterization           ^ 

prejudge 

caricature              .__  ^i^  

judicial 

change-ed                1  

necessity                   ___-«=-__. 

changes                  J  

necessities                   .u,  

changeable               .  .  k  . 

necessitate-ed-                   x 

changing 

ing 

necessary                  .  .-r-^=-_  ,  . 

necessares 


necessarily 

unnecessarily  — 

object-ed-ing  L. 

objection-able  -Lr requisition 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

rTT^tt...       subjecting 

Trfea. subjection 

subjective 
requisite 


143 


. 

_____  Or.  _____ 

_____  _O/_  _____ 


subject 


b 


non  requisite 


58.  Pronominal  and  adverbial  compounds.  The  following  com- 
pound pronouns  and  adverbs  are  frequently  misused  by  the  stenog- 
rapher, and  are  given  at  this  point  so  that  you  may  become  fa- 
miliar with  their  orthography,  as  well  as  their  shorthand  outlines. 


EXERCISE  180. 
anybody 

anyhow 

anything    . 

anyway 

anywhere 

everlasting 

evermore 

everybody 
everything 


rv 


Vr 
"N 


everywhere 

hereat 

hereabout 

hereafter 

hereby 

herefrom 

herein 

hereinafter 
hereinbefore 


_2 


144                                              ROWE   SB 

hereinto                  xCTT: 

:ORTHAND 
somewhat                            ~^ 

hereto                    ..^TT.  

somewhere                          -5 

heretofore             -_-<^T?^___    . 

thenceforth                       ^v> 

hereunto               ...-/r^TTX  

thereat                          "^ 

hereunder             .    S?^-  __    .. 

thereabout                     ^vO 

hereupon                   S*    ^ 

thereafter                     *\ 

herewith                .  ^^^77^7  

therebv                           NSO 

meanwhile            ..  .-3 

.7                                                  -^y- 

therefor 

moreover 

therefore 
therefrom                        v->_ 

nevertheless         .--^r^r^*"' 

therein                         "^x_ 

nobody                 ^  

thereinafter                     \ 

nowhere 

thereinbefore               ^^V^-^ 

_j 
notwithstanding             o 

thereinto                      "~^>y 

somebody             __        ^^o... 

thereof                             x 

somehow                  ^^/^ 

thereon                          \ 

sometime 

thereout                          N^^\ 

someway                            X 

thereto                           >v 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 


145 


thereunto 

thereupon 

therewith 

therewithal 

withal 

withdraw 

withhold 

.  ,  ,    ,  . 

withheld 

within 

without 

withstand 

whatever 

whatsoever 

whenever 

whensoever 

whereabouts 

whereas 

whereat 


whereby 

wherever 

wherefor 

,        r 
wherefore 


.  _       wheref  roni 
,_.      wherein 

whereinsoever 
whereunto 
__.      whereof 
whereon 

._      wheresoever 
whereto 
whereupon 
wherewith 
wherewithal 
whichever 
.  o>_  _  .  whichsoever 

_p  _________      whoever 


W 


^~>_ 


"V 


146  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  181.  The  shorthand  key  to  this  exercise  appears  on 
the  following  page.  Practice  it  until  you  can  write  it  at  the  rate 
of  100  words  per  minute. 


THE  SEA  OF  LIFE. 

However  smooth  and  calm-the  sea-of  life  may  seem  to-you- 
now,  when-you-once-are  fairly  upon-it  you-will-find-it  frequently25 
roughened  by  fierce  storms,  and-these  storms  will-master-you 
unless  you-can  bear-up  against  the  wind  or  run  before-it.  Your 
studies  have50-been  but- the  play-of  business-life;  soon-you-will- 
be  among  its  realities.  Your  swords  now-are  in-their-scabbards; 
out-there  they  must75-be-drawn  and  prove  their-metal. 

The  man  who  has-no  grit  in-his  disposition,  no-pluck  in-his 
heart,  will-be-trampled  to  death100  in-the  march  and  collisions-of 
business  complications.  No  accident-of  birth,  plethoric  bank- 
account,  no  education,  no  human  friendship,  can  stand-the  strain 
that125  shall-be  put  upon-you.  Clear-the  difficulties  that  shall-rise, 
master  the  opposition  that  shall  muster.  Your-hand  upon  affairs 
must-be  strong.  There150-must-be  bones  in-your  body,  or-you- will- 
be  crushed  in  to -the  pulp-of-an  overwhelming  failure.168 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


147 


p 


o^_ 


>    x    o 


LESSON  NINETEEN 

59.  Suggestions  for  phrasing.  The  lists  of  phrases  in  previous 
lessons  have  been  given  for  a  threefold  purpose,  (a)  that  the  stu- 
dent would  early  form  the  habit  of  phrasing;  (b)  that  by  example 
he  would  learn  the  character  of  words  that  are  phrased;  (c)  that 
he  would  learn  to  apply  the  general  rules  of  the  system  in  phrase- 
writing,  as  well  as  in  forming  abstract  words. 

After  this  lesson  you  will  be  required  to  construct  your  own 
phrases,  and  as  it  is  necessary  for  you  to  know  what  to  phrase,  it 
is  the  purpose  of  this  lesson  to  instruct  you  in  the  selection  of 
proper  phrase  elements. 

A  shorthand  phrase  should  be  a  grammatical  phrase.  However 
convenient  and  easy  outlines  may  be  to  join,  they  should  not  be 
connected  unless  the  words  they  represent  constitute  a  grammati- 
cal phrase,  or  if  joining  them  would  impair  their  legibility.  In 
this  connection,  you  should  remember  that  properly  constructed 
phrases  are  more  legible  than  abstract  outlines,  and,  if  you  will 
heed  the  following  suggestions,  you  will  have  no  difficulty  in  writ- 
ing and  reading  phrases. 

EXERCISE  182.  As  a  general  rule,  the  pronominal  subject  is 
immediately  followed  by  its  verb  or  verbal  modifier,  and  is,  there- 
fore, an  initial  phrase  element  requiring  the  verb  or  adverb  to  be 
joined  to  it,  thus: 

he-is  ^~?_ we-certainly-will-be 

they-say  ___^rtr^  we-must-have 


148 


ROWE   SHORTHAND  149 

EXERCISE  183.  An  expression,  other  than  an  adverb,  coming 
between  the  pronoun  and  its  verb,  is  parenthetic,  and  though  the 
expression  may  constitute  a  separate  phrase,  it  should  not  be 
joined  to  the  pronoun. 

vfe,oi-cour5e,wiU.^^^.f_^,__       they,  perhaps,  - -^x^^TTT-^-rr^ 

have 

she,  nodoubt,       .c.--    ^rrsx^.       we»  therefore,  ~^.  17^-=*    

thinks  do-not 

EXERCISE  1 84.  Defining,  limiting  or  modifying  words  are  joined, 
when  practicable,  to  the  words  they  modify,  as: 

our-men  ..^ direct-vote  .-/ 

every-thought      ._JN  _._  very-much  y^T\^ 

EXERCISE  185.  An  auxiliary  verb  is  usually  joined  to  the 
principal  word,  consequently  is  an  initial  phrase  element: 

shall-have  .5TT7TL.  may-take  _~Z,... 

shall-be  must-be 

._. 

ought-not  _/rr__  must-not-be 


EXERCISE  186.  Transitive  verbs  are  initial  phrase  elements,  and 
are  usually  joined  to  their  objects,  or  the  elements  preceding  their 
objects,  as: 

has-it  see-this-man 


makes-it  __"£?__.  take- this-case 


150 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


EXERCISE  187.  All  the  prepositions,  except  of,ojf,&ndup,  are 
initial  phrase  elements,  hence,  a  preposition  is  joined  to  its  object, 
or  the  word  that  immediately  follows  the  preposition,  as: 

on-time  in-this-matter 


on-hand 


in-hand 


in-his-own-home 


in-his-own-time 


EXERCISE  188.  As  a  rule,  of,  of  and  up  follow  immediately 
after  the  word  whose  relation  they  show  to  the  object.  They 
are,  therefore,  final  phrase  elements,  and  are  joined  to  the  preced- 
ing word,  thus: 

think-of  .rr^^_  .  now-off 


man-of 


report-of 


go-up 


sail-up 


EXERCISE  189.     As  conjunctions  and  relative  pronouns  are  in- 
troductory words,  they  naturally  form  initial  phrase  elements,  as: 

which-he  ..^n... 

who-will 

2> 

who-was 
that-he 

that-is-necessary 
that-was 


but-he 

but-this 

^"~ 

and-we 

2> 

and-that 

s  S 

which-is 
which-mav 

—J-  

.  _<):.__  . 


ROWE    SHORTHAND  151 

EXERCISE  190.     A  common  adverb  is  usually  joined  to  the  fol- 
lowing word,  as: 


when-will  __S>___.  there-can 

there-are  ____^X.__  .  when-may 

•there-is  -T^Y..  where-is 


To  apply  this  instruction  to  matter  you  wish  to  outline,  first 
read  the  matter,  underscoring  the  phrases.  Then  outline  and 
practice  them,  after  which  you  may  outline  and  practice  the  en- 
tire article. 

60.  Conjunctive  and  prepositional  phrases.  There  is  a  class 
of  phrases  consisting  of  three  or  more  words,  two  of  which  are  alike 
and  connected  by  a  preposition  or  conjunction,  as  by  and  by,  day 
by  day,  etc.  The  connecting  words  are  omitted  in  writing  these 
phrases,  and  the  omission  shown  by  the  relative  positions  of  the 
two  like  words. 

EXERCISE  191.     The  following  list  should  be  memorized. 

day  by  day  ;...        over  and  above 

day  after  day        -  _  _ more  and  more 


day  in  and  day      //^  time  and  time 

out  again 

from  day  to  day    -^---^ from  time  to  time 

forever  and  ever    >as- _ higher  and  higher 

over  and  over         ^-^...^--^-^ _ .  by  and  by 

over  and  over 

.     -^-^-^^ — ^  -  -  better  and  better 
again 


152 

nearer  and  nearer 
again  and  again 
hour  by  hour 
place  to  place 
out  and  out 
hand  in  hand 
hand  over  hand 
year  by  year 
year  to  year 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

year  after  year        !(___ 

years  and  years 

ago 
year  in  and  year   ^  /Y 

out 

more  or  less 


jAA- 


sooner  or  later 
greater  or  less 
one  or  the  other  /.  


//  party  of  the  first 

part 

/party  of  the 
second  part 


61."    The  contractions  of  such  expressions  as  has  not,  can  not, 
etc.,  are  distinguished  by  placing  an  apostrophe  above  the  outline. 


EXERCISE  192. 
has  not 
hasn't 
was  not 
wasn't 


can  not 
can't 
does  not 
doesn't 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

DAYS  AND  MONTHS 


153 


EXERCISE  193. 
Sunday 

April                       /*^, 

Monday 

May 

7« 

Tuesday 

June 

Wednesday             —  ^--v' 

July                     ._'____    . 

Thursday 

August                   (%. 

Friday                     —^  _ 

September             >^  5" 

Saturday                ^~~^~ 

October 

January                   I// 

November 

February               -/r=s<a._ 
March                   _mr 

December             _<C  P.  .  . 

154  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

EXERCISE  194.  The  key  to  this  letter  appears  on  the  following 
page.  Practice  it  until  you  can  write  it  at  the  rate  of  100  words 
per  minute. 

Buffalo  Box  Factory, 
365  Babcock  St., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Gentlemen: 

Your-communication  (of  the)  4th-inst.  has-received  our  careful- 
attention,  and-we25-are  very-much  interested  in-the  carton  shown 
in  illustration  on  page  8-of-your  catalogue,  which-is  described  as 
"box  with  partitions  for  glassware.50" 

It  strikes  us  that  these-partitions  will-be  sufficient  to  guard 
against  breakage  and-enable  us  to-do-away  with-the  corrugated 
wrapper  we-are75  now-using  on-our  bottles. 

We-have-sent-you  by  prepaid  express  one-of-our  bottles,  which 
holds  seven  liquid-ounces,  commonly  known-as-a100  seven-ounce 
soda 

Kindly  quote  us-a  price  per  thousand  on  these  cartons  of-a 
depth  sufficient  to  hold  these-bottles,  allowing  \"  for125-the  crown, 
or  cap,  the  carton  to  hold  six  bottles.  We-want-a  price  both 
on-the  plain  carton  and  with  two  color  printed  matter150  on-the 
four  sides.  Please-make-your  quotation  f.  o.  b.  Baltimore,  wiring 
us  same  at-our  expense. 

Very-truly-yours,171 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


155 


EXERCISE  FOR  LEARNING  THE  USED  SOUNDS  OF 
CONSONANTS 


Consonant        Word  pronounced 
B  Ca(b) 


C 

Fa(c)e 

D 

Ha(d) 

F 

Li(f)e 

G 

Lo(g) 

H 

(H)ad 

J 

Q)ug 

K 

Ma(k)e 

L 

Maid) 

M 

Na(m)e 

N 

Fa(nl 

P 

Ma(p) 

Q 

(Q)ueer 

R 

Hai(r) 

S 

Ba(s)e 

T 

Fa(t) 

V 

Ha(v)e 

W 

(W)as 

Y 

(Y)acht 

Z 

(Z)ephyr 

Position  of  Lips,  Tongue  and  Teeth 
Light  explosion  of  lips  on  inner  side. 

Hissing  of  breath  through  closed  teeth. 

Light  pressure  of  tip  of  tongue  back  of  teeth  on  hard  palate, 
and  puff  of  breath. 

Upper  teeth  on  outer  edge  of  lower  lip.     Puff  of  breath. 

Tip  of  tongue  against  lower  teeth,  while  middle  of  tongue 
touches  highest  point  of  hard  palate  in  center.  Light 
expulsion  of  breath  with  the  consonant. 

(Jaw  relaxed.)  Tip  of  tongue  against  lower  teeth,  breath 
expelled  slightly. 

(Jaw  movement.)  Lips  slightly  out  from  teeth.  Tio  of 
tongue  on  hard  palate  back  of  teeth  with  teeth  together. 
Vigorous  expulsion  of  breath  with  the  consonant. 

Tip  of  tongue  against  lower  teeth,  while  middle  of  tongue 
touches  highest  point  of  hard  palate  in  center. 

Tip  of  tongue  resting  against  lower  teeth,  while  saying  the 
vowel.  Finish  by  raising  tip  of  tongue  to  hard  palate 
back  of  upper  teeth;  no  emission  of  sound  before  down- 
ward movement  of  tongue. 

Lips  together  on  center  edge.  Vowel  followed  by  puff  of 
breath. 

Tip  of  tongue  somewhat  further  back  than  in  L.  Motion 
the  same. 

Lips  closing  on  outer  edge,  opening  with  puff  of  breath. 
Combination  of  K  &  U  spoken  simultaneously. 

Slight  roll  of  tip  of  tongue  if  at  end  of  word.  At  beginning 
of  word,  lips  out  as  in  W,  followed  by  quick  roll  of  the 
tongue. 

Same  as  C. 

Tip  of  tongue  a  little  back  of  teeth.     Puff  of  breath. 

Upper  teeth  on  center  edge  of  lower  lips.  Breath  slightly 
pressed  at  teeth  until  consonant  is  spoken. 

Combination  of  D,  B,  L  and  U  spoken  quickly.  B  &  D 
almost  together. 

Lips  pursed  out  as  in  "u,"  and  releasing  them  as  they  go 
into  the  vowel.  Combination  of  oo-i. 

Like  C,  but  coming  with  sound  more  buzzing  through  teeth. 
Less  of  the  hiss. 

156 


absence 
absent              ->=^—  =^.  . 
acceptance       *>^  —  ^/-._- 
access               S  —  •?  
accessible         °>-™r*6 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

VOCABULARY 

adjourn 

157 
alteration        /*? 

administration  -^p 

alternative      ^  '' 

admissible         ,£-g  
advance             -^777^ 

ambiguity      ..sty... 
ambiguous     -  -/^v-  -  - 
ambition         ^o..... 
ambitious        ^ 

advertise            .  £rx>_  . 
advertisement  .^rr>o_.. 
advice               ^^^r.. 
advisability        ^f^^.. 
advisedly          -C^&) 
affidavit            ^^_. 
affiliate              ££ 
aggressive         v^CA_- 
agitate              f\, 

accidental      -•^^  .^- 
accumulate     -  ^r^T.  .  . 

amenable        ^» 

accusation      

analogous       ^~& 

accustomed    .     -.  

analysis  .         ^  <2—s> 

acquaint         -     -*e.  - 

analyze                ^ 

acquaintance  .-.  .-?. 

anecdote         ^> 

acquiesce        _y  
acquisition      ._!._ 

anniversary  _£ms 
announce        ^  

acquit                 )  
actually            ^> 

agriculture         /is*£>. 
all  right            .&... 
already              ^ 

anonymous    ^  

antagonize     j^ 

adage              _^.  ...    . 

antagonistic    GLs 

adequate         #__. 

alter                   ^ 

anticipate         ^^> 

158 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


anxiety 

/'\v^           architect 

anxious 

/\_                arduous 

apparel 

C5 
^^            area 

2 

c.  

apparent 

~~~~~~~^         arrears 

<...... 

anneal 

'^-^            articles 

sz, 

appearance  .-7Tfri>--_     assiduous 

appertain  '.  ^^r. assignee 

applicant  ^ 

appraisal  .TT>C^.       assurance 

appraise  -T^» . . 


assure 


assumption    .  authorities  f^ 


automobile 


apprehend      ...Tt^^,.-.    athlete  rr......  aunjunjunc  /^ 

approach        .  athletics  £^&_  avail 

approval         .    attach  ^1. _  available 

approve          ,      attempt  /£ avaricious 

approximate    ^^ %  attitude  Jf. avenue 

appurtenance  attorney  average 


averse 

aversion 

avoid 

avoidance 

avoidable 

avow 

avowal 

awkward 

baggage 

balance 

bankruptcy 

banquet 

bargain 

barrel 

basis 

basket 

beauty 


fei... 

*=T- 
fryr 

*7~ 

&T«r-: 

^s- 

9- 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

beautiful 
become 


benefit  .&y. 

beneficiary     /2yf. 
beneficial        /2~^ 


/^ — o 


#_ 

£.- 


^ 


benefited 

benevolent 
benevolence 

bicycle 

blamable 

bonus 

bookkeeper 

borrow 

bounteous 

breadth 


-s~U-Z>- 


159 

brevity  .Si^ 

brilliant 
broken 
building 
bulletin 
busy 

calculation 
calendar 
cancel 
canceled 
cancelation 
candid  _V___ 

candidate      .^/... 
canvass 


•"*: 


^ 


O 


capacious 

capacity 

capital 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 

Ar^l 
I/  . 


_»-.        charitable         ^ 


carriage      -^57—-     chattel 


casually 
casualty 


catalog       _T?r.L:— ,     civility 


caustic        -^rrr. .  -      classify 


combining          ^^ 


commendable 


commodities 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 

compliment      •***_ 

161 
conducive 

communication   -    

.  compulsion      

conductor 

community 

computation        

? 

confer               «-^~v 

companion            ^^^ 

ronrpde                ^>^    -f 

conference        <>s*& 

companv                     ~y 

Conceit              ^^  -? 

confession         v-^s. 

comparable           _*    ^ 

conceive           ^-^-~_^-  —  N_ 

confidence        ^*^s* 

comparative        """"•*• 

conceivable     .s^*_--  —  ~^- 

confidential      ^-^^ 

comparison          '^j  — 

-  concentrate      >  —    ^ 

confirm             v^->__ 

compensation     ~~~"~-—  « 

concession        ^^—f 

congress            "t? 

competent         '  —  ~~^- 

conciliate         ^^_£ 

congressional    "t^ 

competition       ^^-\ 

conclusion 

congruous 

j 

competitor 

conclusive 

W 

conjecture        ^ 

complete             ,-, 

condemn          /£_ 

conscience         v 

completion 

condense           ^  0 

conscious 

T" 

compliance          _, 

condescend      ^  . 

conscientious    -~c 

complicate 

^9~ 

complied 

condescension  j^L_^-/ 
condition          y 

Co" 

consecutive      ^v_--?6 
consequence     ,  

162 

consignee                   -. 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

contradictory  X/ 

criticism         ^*- 

consignor       ^  ^ 

contribute        --+-. 

culminate 

consistent      .  ^  p 

controversy     v.^-^. 

cultivate 

consistency    ,  .  p      ^ 

convenience      >^-  & 

cultured 

conspicuous 

convenient        *—  > 

cultivation 

conspiracy     OJ>X%^ 

conversation    <^-  —  (, 

curious 

constancy       v-9  £ 

convertible       <  —  —  -^ 

current 

contagious      Y 

convey 

cursory 

-f- 
contemptible  •**-, 

conveyance      v~^"       * 

custody 

contention      ~z  

convince          v^_  __ 

r 

custom 

contents         -z  0 

convincing        1__^_^ 

customary 

1 

contingency  -^  

credentials       ^ 

-V 

customer 

contingent     >^  

creditable        v^ 

cutting 

continue         -^  

creditor           >>_-. 

daily                ^^ 

continuance  .y  , 

7 
criterion           s^. 

damaged         ^1 

continuous     -^  

critical             ^^ 

data                £ 

continually    ^ 

criticize 

dealer             ^-^^ 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 


debatable  7_ deputy  _/6  _ 


163 

deficiency      ^^  _ . . 


debit 

debt 

debtor 

decorate 

delegate 

deficit 

definite 

delicate 

delicacy 

demonstrate 

democratic 

deprecate 

depredation 

depth 

deputation 


.&•             derelict            / 

deficient         >^  -- 

*\^ 

y  -  .          dereliction       / 

desrree            6\  - 

-,/             deceitful         <L_  ^ 

deliberate      ^^~ 

Lf           deceive            <C_-  —  ^ 

delicious        -£^*<s>    - 

^-^/        decency           <C  ^ 

delightful       s£^& 

^-^_^f      decen  t           _  <  ^  _ 
^x              deception         <^    •> 

delinquent    .^^^.. 
demis'1           S- 

^^^^      deciding          / 

demoralize    -s  , 

^^^^      decision           ^—  / 

demur           --^    

ZQ._    .     decisive          j^_^_^ 

demurrage    -^^  -- 

sC^Z,.—     defective        ^ 

denial            /  ^  

>4>rr___        defense            /£ 

departure      -I~~^ 

f)i-~  _       defendant      £*?^ 

dependent     --!T^~~^^I 

-^2--  .       deference        /4- 

depository     -^    

fy.  deferred        _/^.  
/5_-_           defiance          ^l/° 

deprived        ^^^^  —  . 
denreciate     —  ^s?C~ 

164  ROWE   SHORTHAND 

depressed      ,.™!b desist 

depression    -—^f- despite 

deride  —•£- despondent 

derision         -4"-"- details 

derive  _<^T--^___  deter 

derivation      .^^. deteriorate 

descend  ._<l__^-____  develop 

descension    --*>= *• device 

describe        -<*£>. designate 

describing     -°&> despair 

description   -Q£X despicable 

descriptive   -G(J> despise 

deserve  -^— --trr^.  destined        &•- 

design  -<^--^^--  dialogue        £^>-., 

desirable  j£^?--  dictate           ^ 

desiring         -<£^*- difference      ^--. 

desirous  ,<l&^_-_-  different        ^.—- 


difficult 

difficulty 

difficulties 

dilapidated 

dilatory 

dilemma 

diligence 

diligent 

diminish 

director 

disallow 

Q^ 

disappearance  -  -  - 

disastrous  & 
disburse 

discreet  -V- 

discrepancy  -^-^ 

discretion  &-* 


X 
/— 


discussion 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

divisible           /.  —  g> 

165 
effectually       TN. 

disguise           PO 

division           ^  — 

efficacy           .^r€ 

disparage        <i  —  -ge 

doctor 

efficiency         ."V-v 

dispense                —  --^ 

document 

either               !X=_^__ 

disreputable    v^ 

doctrine 

eligible            -^^^___ 

dissension       o^,      -. 

doubtful 

emanate          ^—^7,  . 

dissimilar        °^^_s? 

dubious 

emergency       "^ 

dissolution 

duly                  ^° 

emphasis-        ~^~^^_^ 

dissolve 

durable 

emphasize 
emphatic      .   ^~&  — 

dissuade          a  —  •/ 

duration 

encourage        ^v  

distinct 

dutv 

endorse            -J-  -  - 

TJXf- 

distinctly        ^^ 

/ 

earliest             ~^ 

energetic         ^  

distinction 

early               ~^ 

priprfTV                         ' 

distribute        ,» 

earn                 >y_ 

England          ^^£--- 

disturbance 

earnest            X 

enough 

HiviHpnrl 

^Hnratinn               1 

f>ntitlf»ri                    -j(-  — 

166 

enumerate 
enumeration 
erasure 
errand 
error 
erroneous 
especial 
essence 
essential 
establish 
estimate 
etc. 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 

exasperate  ._TTT1!T-^>..    exorbitant 
expansion 
expedient 
expenditure 
expense 
expensive 
experience 
experiment 
expiration 
explanatory 
explicit 


exercise 


exertion 


exhaust      ,_JT_ exposure 


evade  _.?!^7T7>_-_  exhaustion..^? exquisite 

evasion  7^^T7T> exhaustive  __^f-P extempore 

eventually  ~rv^rr-?s^  exhibit        .x^^-  extemporaneous 

evidence  ^^^~>^.  exhibition  ..v^.-^--  extension 

evident  ^vrrr^^r.  existence    .-Ss^-fy---  extensive 


w 
o^ 


extenuating 

VX_ 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

favor              .r?"      x 

167 
forbidden  • 

extraordinary 

S^ 

favorable       ^^~~^> 

foreign            .^   . 

extravagant 

s-^ 

favoritism      /^v"     ^ 

forfeiture           ^^^^ 

extremely 

s^ 

feasible          .-^si  

forgery 

facilitate 

s 

feature           ^-^ 

L/ 
forgetting 

facilities 

^ 

i 

felicity            ^-^-^3 

L/ 
forgotten 

facsimile 

^_ 

fictitious        <—.  .. 

C/ 

formally 

factor 

3 

<T" 

figurative       ^c-^. 

formerly        -^—  v_r 

factories 

3 

finallv             ^^  _^ 

formidable 

faculty 

oA" 

-7. 

financial         ^=^  _ 

^ 

fortunate             f 

failure 

^  

flexible           \ 

franchise         ^.  .  . 

familiar 

C^ 

flour 

fraudulent      '^^^ 

familiarize 

"v- 

o> 

fluctuate 

frequency       *~v 

famous 

--£-- 

flustrate 

frequently      <~% 

fashion 

following 

C^- 

frustrate 

fashionable 

forbid             -"w'O- 

fuhil 

fault 

^ 

forhparfincp  *-«/^ 

fundamental 

7 

168 
furniture  . 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 

habit 

identical          J^, 

future 

handicap         -^T^T-Tr? 

identity          Jy 

gallon               ^  — 

harmonize       <^^.  . 

illiterate           ^?^ 

garnishee         y^ 

hastily             ^T.T  .    _ 

illustrate                 / 

gasoline           &*^ 

hazardous       ^-.P..  _. 

illustration              / 

generosity      A 

headquarters  <t^Z... 

imaginary        -f 

generation        1 

J 
heavily            ^C^~r 

image               -£ 

generous 

hesitancy        /^~~?Il-  .  . 

imagine            -{ 

genuine           L>^ 

hesitate           <^7?^.-- 

imagination     -f 

gratis               ^° 

hinder              ^-^7 

imitate             J 

gratitude        £^ 

hindrance        .^^-^°. 

imitators        / 

gratuitous      ^ 

holiday            -^^=>  

immaterial       •^~t^l. 

grievance       if      •*> 

hostile              ^  '. 

imperative       -/"'^>  _ 

guaranty        <" 

humorous 

implement      ^ 

guarantee       ^> 

hypocrisy        ^3?*,  . 

implicate       _  4_ 

guard 

idea                 ..^T  

**? 

implicit            -^^7 

guidance         x/^° 

ideal                ..^^.. 

implied             ^A__. 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

imprudent  ...  .  individual      jr—~&.. 

impunity  indolence        --?^^* 

incessant  -^ — 2..-s  indorsement  -~ 

incident  ->^^^ inducement  

incidental  .y^^_^-.^^  industrial 

include  industrious 

inclusion  industry 

inclusive         .    ineligible 

-xc 

incredible       .^w. inexcusable    _\_- 

^""H^ 

incredulous     -^f inexhaustible..  ^TP._ 

incumbent      ,~S/2- infallible         .^. 

incumbrance  _=^^ infringement.^ 

indemnify       .^!?_ ingenious       .^l^^,-- 

indemnity       -^^ ingenuous 

indestructible^ inherent 

indifference    .^ inheritance 

indistinct          __^_         .  initiative 


169 


innocence 


insurable 


insurance 


insure  ~+ .  - 

interlineation  ^^^*^{--- 
interpretation.7^^.  _ 

interrupt         .^ 

interruption 
interurban 


170 
intimidate          y 

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

laborious        —  5 

manufacture       "^     .  . 

intolerable 

legitimate       ^^-i 

manufacturer    "^-^ 

intuition 

lenient            ^^7^ 

manufacturing  "^^  

invalid            J^y=^> 

literally              ^> 

material             ~z^.  . 

inventory        ,  .. 

literature         ^^ 

maturity            ~7 

involve  . 
involution           / 

litigation          _^^_ 
local 

mechanism        —  ^ 
medium              —  ^    . 

irritable          -£ 

locally 

memoranda       —^ 

irritate             j 

locality           "^^7" 
logic 

memorandum    ~^f. 

issue                  9 

lucrative 

mercantile         —>  ^ 

itemize             h 

luncheon 

mercenary            p    f_ 

jealousy          $ 

luscious 

merchandise      —  \      r 

jobber 

luxury 

merchant           —  \ 

To" 
journal 

machine          ~^—  —     „ 

merit                  —  7 

J 

justifiable 

magazine        ~^s_^--  - 

meritorious        -& 

juxtaposition 

maintenance  ~x° 

Messrs.              —  i_^. 

knockdown 

manipulate     -^ 

method              _—  r_. 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 


171 


methodical         -j- 

naturally   I      IT 

observance      -^~^rrrr5> 

miscellaneous        —  •  —  ° 

neglect        "5^^-" 

obstacle 

misinterpret       ^^^^_ 

obstinate         -G  —  ^ 

missent                     Q  ^ 

T" 

neutral 

obviate            "-    ^  -  - 

misunderstand- 

noticeable 

obviOUS                •    -*^~^r 

ing                   ~^O"'V. 
mistake                  /> 

nucleus 

occasionally    -  T>- 

moderate 

numerous 

occurred 

moderation         ~^~ 
momentous           r° 

number 

occurrence 

monopoly 

oar  ore      *s, 

opposite         -i-^"- 

~~*7 
monotonous 

obedient     ^s/^i^' 

opposition      -n^--' 

morfcyaorp 

obedience  VV-/Q^<> 

option            ~t  

mortgagee 

o'clock            ~^  — 

mortgagor 

obligate 

offensive        -^^»  —  ^  

obligation  

obligatory  -  ^& 

omit                 ^"F  ' 

mutually 

oblige           ft^^\--  - 

omitted           ™7  

-3- 

nature                        1 

obliterate    ^*? 

opening                  —  ""    ~ 

natural                       A  - 

observant  -^—  ^—~^>. 

ordinary 

172 


ROWE    SHORTHAND 


ordinarily 

organize 
organization 


pecuniary 
peremptory 


_  -    perpendicular 
personally  ") 
personalty  f 
personality  J 
ornamental    ^~~^=L    persuade 


origin 
originate 


ostensible       .-tr?--  persuasive 

ostentatious  ^x& physical 

ought  P-  plaintiff 

parallel          r^^  _  plausible 

partially        — — _.  , . 

___s policy 

partiality 

passenger       -TT^rri.  political 


predecessor    -    ^- — •*.--- 


ROWE   SHORTHAND 


173 


program         {/___  public 

progress       ^PO"  ________    publicity 

progressive  ^C2TT~^-         punctual 


recurrence 


s^ 
jf 


proportion       _________     quantity 

T 
propose        /~    ________    quarter 


query 
quiet 


proposition  ^  queer 

proprietor 

prominence 

J 

promise  quotation 

^^ 
promissory      .  ratify 


property       , readily 

really  ] 

prophecy  realty   \ 

^^^^nT  1-4. 

reality  J 

prospect  realize 


prospectus  ^^^ recipient 

prosper        ^___^ reciprocate, 

prosperous   ^_^ recollect 

prudent       rectify 


J_ 

"""' 
J 

; 

-?~-~ 

7 


reference 

register 

regular 

reimburse 

reiterate 

relevant 

reluctant 

remarkable 

remember 

remembrance 

remonstrate 

remunerate 

reparable 

replenish        ^  V         ^ 

resignation     _>_    r... 

retaliate  ^- — ' 


174 

ROWE    SHORTHAND 

reticent 

.^.^  simplicity      ~^_--.a.  —  ^ 

revolution 

v*—^  singular          .*^^--. 

ridiculous 

SOCial                              -ve       ^r 

C" 

sacrifice 

v  —  "^"~&          socialism        -^  ^  _ 

sanguine 

~~~7        -    society            -^^^_^ 

sarcasm 

N  ^-&—       solicit              ^-/^  

scrupulous 

souvenir 

scrutinize 

speculation    _a^~^^'   . 

seldom 

^^^~           statistic 

seres 


serous 


structure 
subsequent 

symmetry  v^_^ 

sympathy  ^ 

syndicate  -v^__^ 

temple  ^_. 

testimony  c^^ 

testimonial  c?5?__ 
thankful 

statistics       .^^ .    thwart  _7\- 

statistical  theory  _J^ 


NO 

serviceable  ^  _^  —  g> 

statistician 

®^                                        '  —  N 
theoretical           d 

sever 

stationary 

..^c                   tolerable 

severe 
several         v-_--;<c^ 

steady 

-P--  transaction   4c 

shrinkage     c~> 

steadily 

-Q     -     -       treasurer       «>^ 

signature     --—  -o__. 

strengthen 

-O    ^^         trustworthy.        * 

simolest      _v. 

struggle 

\                                                      ^s~~^ 

tuition 

ultimate         .:??1  

ROWE   SHORTHAND 

vehicle          ^  —  ~^/^~' 

175 

welfare             ^—^~* 

ultimo             Si. 

veracity        ^  —  -*Jp 

widesoread          ^/ 

unanimous    .„  t^, 

verbatim      *>  —  ^>" 

withdraw            ^ 

unavoidable  _  x^_ 

verifv            ^  —  *s~\ 

withdrew              -/ 

^ 
union             ---J>-  

vice  versa    -^-r^— 

-^<r--- 

wholesale 

S 

unit 

unite 
unity               ^  

vacant 

vicinity        ^^-^  
village          ^#-- 
vindicate      ^^—  -^^~- 

"3^3." 

yesterday       Jo_  

zeal                 ^-^, 
zealous           ^__^2 

vacancy 

violate          ^~—~^--^~' 

zephyr             v  ^-**. 

valuable         '   ^  -- 

violence       ^-  —  ^*-^~ 

valuation      -'     ^       -  - 

virtue           ^>  —  ^ 

varv               '    "^  - 

volume 

variable        .C~^l  

volunteer 

variance        .  r^T^-rrrc  .  . 

voucher 

variety           /T~>^  . 

vulgar 

various          .^^"Xo  

warrant        

vehemence    ^r-^/^ 

welcome      _^-^ 

• 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 
This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


KAY  12 1951 


MAR  9- 


Form  L9-25m-9,'47(A3618)444 


i          i  01  CALIFORNIA 

AT 
Lc-3  ANGELES 


Farker- 
P2l8r  Rowe  shorthand. 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


A     000  573  593     1 


P2l8r 
1915 





